Hawrysz Iwona, Krusińska Beata, Słowińska Małgorzata Anna, Wądołowska Lidia, Czerwińska Anna, Biernacki Maciej
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
Independent Public Complex Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases in Olsztyn, Poland.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2016;67(1):9-15.
Knowledge on proper nutrition favours the creation of pro-healthy nutritional behaviours of people. Studies related to the nutritional knowledge of adults, diet quality and incidence of breast or lung cancers are limited.
Analysis of the relationship between the level of nutritional knowledge, diet quality and risk of breast cancer in women or lung cancer in men from the Warmia and Mazury region in Poland.
The study was carried out in 202 subjects aged 23-80 years, including 107 women (17 cases of breast cancer) and 95 men (54 cases of lung cancer) from the Warmia and Mazury region in Poland. Nutritional knowledge was evaluated with the Questionnaire of Eating Behaviours (QEB), including 25 statements. Based on the frequency of the consumption of 16 food items, two diet quality indices were created: the pro-Healthy-Diet-Index-8 (pHDI-8) and the non-Healthy-Diet-Index-8 (nHDI-8). The values of pHDI-8 and nHDI-8 were calculated on the basis of the sum of the daily frequency of consumption of the selected food items and expressed as times/day. The Odds Ratio (OR) of both breast cancer or lung cancer in relation to the level of nutritional knowledge was calculated based on a logistic regression analysis.
The incidence of breast or lung cancer in the bottom, middle and upper tertile of nutritional knowledge was 57.6%, 32.6% and 15.8%, respectively. As nutritional knowledge grew in the subsequent tertiles, pHDI-8 was on the increase (2.63 vs. 3.78 vs. 4.22 times/day) and n-HDI-8 was on the decrease (1.32 vs. 1.21 vs. 0.94 times/day). In the upper tertile of nutritional knowledge, the Odds Ratio for the incidence of breast or lung cancers varied from 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02; 0.17; p<0.05, with adjustment for cancer type and age) to 0.17 (95% CI: 0.04; 0.69; p<0.05, with adjustment for age and sex) when compared to the bottom tertile (OR=1.00). In the middle tertile of nutritional knowledge, the Odds Ratio of both cancers varied from 0.27 (95% CI: 0.12; 0.62, p<0.05, with adjustment for cancer type and age) to 0.35 (95% CI: 0.18; 0.71, p<0.05, variables without adjustment) when compared to the bottom tertile.
A higher level of nutritional knowledge was associated with the higher quality of a pro-healthy diet and lower risk of breast cancer in women or lung cancer in men. In contrast, a lower level of nutritional knowledge was associated with a lower diet quality and a higher risk of both types of cancers.
关于合理营养的知识有助于人们养成促进健康的营养行为。与成年人营养知识、饮食质量以及乳腺癌或肺癌发病率相关的研究有限。
分析波兰瓦尔米亚-马祖里地区女性乳腺癌或男性肺癌患者的营养知识水平、饮食质量与风险之间的关系。
该研究对202名年龄在23至80岁之间的受试者进行，其中包括来自波兰瓦尔米亚-马祖里地区的107名女性（17例乳腺癌患者）和95名男性（54例肺癌患者）。通过饮食行为问卷（QEB）对营养知识进行评估，该问卷包含25项陈述。基于16种食物的消费频率，创建了两个饮食质量指数：健康饮食指数-8（pHDI-8）和非健康饮食指数-8（nHDI-8）。pHDI-8和nHDI-8的值根据所选食物每日消费频率的总和计算得出，并以次/天表示。基于逻辑回归分析计算乳腺癌或肺癌与营养知识水平相关的优势比（OR）。
营养知识水平处于低、中、高三分位的人群中，乳腺癌或肺癌的发病率分别为57.6%、32.6%和15.8%。随着营养知识在后续分位中的增加，pHDI-8呈上升趋势（分别为2.63次/天、3.78次/天和4.22次/天），而n-HDI-8呈下降趋势（分别为1.32次/天、1.21次/天和0.94次/天）。在营养知识水平的高分位中，与低分位相比（OR = 1.00），乳腺癌或肺癌发病率的优势比在调整癌症类型和年龄后为0.06（95%置信区间：0.02；0.17；p < 0.05）至0.17（95%置信区间：0.04；0.69；p < 0.05，调整年龄和性别）。在营养知识水平的中分位中，与低分位相比，两种癌症的优势比在调整癌症类型和年龄后为0.27（95%置信区间：0.12；0.62，p < 0.05）至0.35（95%置信区间：0.18；0.71，未调整变量，p < 0.05）。
较高的营养知识水平与促进健康的高质量饮食以及女性乳腺癌或男性肺癌的较低风险相关。相反，较低的营养知识水平与较低的饮食质量以及两种癌症的较高风险相关。
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