Rafiemanesh Hosein, Maleki Farzad, Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah, Salemi Morteza, Salehiniya Hamid
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2016 Feb 8;7:31. doi: 10.4103/2008-7802.175990. eCollection 2016.
Esophageal cancer is the sixth cause of death in the world, there was a lack of population-based information on the trend and incidence rate of esophagus cancer, so this study aimed to determine the incidence and pathological changes of esophagus cancer in Iran.
In this study, data were extracted from annual cancer registry reports of Iranian ministry of health between 2003 and 2008. Standardized incidence rates were calculated using the world standard population, and incidence rate was calculated by age groups, sex, and histological type. Data on epidemiologic trend and histology were analyzed using Joinpoint software package.
In this study, there were 18,177 recorded cases of esophagus cancer. Of all cases, 45.72% were females and 54.28% were males. Sex ratio was 1.19. The most common histological types related to squamous cell carcinoma NOS and adenocarcinoma NOS were 64.53% and 10.37%, respectively. The trend of annual changes of incidence rate significantly increased in both sexes. The annual percentage changes, the incidence rate was 7.9 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.3-12.6) for women and 9.6 (95% CI: 6.0-13.2) for men. The histology type of SCC, large cell, nonkeratinizing and SCC, keratinizing and SCC, NOS had a significant decreasing trend in total population (P < 0.05).
According to this study, the trend of age-standardized incidence rate of esophagus cancer in Iran is rising. Hence, to prevent and control this cancer, it is necessary to investigate related risk factors and implement prevention programs in Iran.
食管癌是全球第六大致死原因，缺乏基于人群的食管癌发病趋势和发病率信息，因此本研究旨在确定伊朗食管癌的发病率及病理变化。
本研究从伊朗卫生部2003年至2008年的年度癌症登记报告中提取数据。使用世界标准人口计算标准化发病率，并按年龄组、性别和组织学类型计算发病率。使用Joinpoint软件包分析流行病学趋势和组织学数据。
本研究共记录了18177例食管癌病例。所有病例中，女性占45.72%，男性占54.28%。性别比为1.19。最常见的组织学类型分别为未特指的鳞状细胞癌和未特指的腺癌，占比分别为64.53%和10.37%。男女发病率的年度变化趋势均显著上升。年度百分比变化方面，女性发病率为7.9（95%置信区间[CI]：3.3 - 12.6），男性为9.6（95%CI：6.0 - 13.2）。鳞状细胞癌、大细胞、非角化型，鳞状细胞癌、角化型以及未特指的鳞状细胞癌在总体人群中的组织学类型呈显著下降趋势（P < 0.05）。
根据本研究，伊朗食管癌年龄标准化发病率呈上升趋势。因此，为预防和控制这种癌症，有必要在伊朗调查相关危险因素并实施预防计划。
