Salehifar Ebrahim, Hosseinimehr Seyed Jalal
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Drug Discov Today. 2016 Apr;21(4):654-62. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.019. Epub 2016 Mar 5.
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is overexpressed in cancer cells and is associated with carcinogenesis and maintenance of progressive tumour growth as well as resistance of cancer cells to ionising radiation (IR). COX-2 inhibitors can attenuate tumour growth and expression of markers of cell proliferation as well as induce apoptosis in tumour cells. These agents can have a synergistic effect with IR in the killing of cancer cells. In this review, we discuss the rational basis and molecular mechanisms regarding the usefulness of COX-2 inhibitors in cancer therapy, and also their potential role in increasing the therapeutic index of chemoradiation by protecting normal cells and sensitising tumour cells to radiotherapy.
环氧化酶-2（COX-2）在癌细胞中过度表达，与肿瘤发生、肿瘤进行性生长的维持以及癌细胞对电离辐射（IR）的抗性相关。COX-2抑制剂可减弱肿瘤生长和细胞增殖标志物的表达，并诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。这些药物在杀死癌细胞方面可与IR产生协同作用。在本综述中，我们讨论了COX-2抑制剂在癌症治疗中的应用的合理依据和分子机制，以及它们通过保护正常细胞和使肿瘤细胞对放疗敏感来提高放化疗治疗指数的潜在作用。
