Hoy Carlton F O, Naguib Hani E, Paul Narinder
University of Toronto , Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.
University of Toronto, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada; University of Toronto, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 184 College Street, Suite 140, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada; University of Toronto, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, Rosebrugh Building, Suite 407, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada.
J Med Imaging (Bellingham). 2016 Jan;3(1):016001. doi: 10.1117/1.JMI.3.1.016001. Epub 2016 Feb 18.
Biomedical phantoms are commonly used for various medical imaging modalities to improve imaging quality and procedures. Current biomedical phantoms fabricated commercially are high in cost and limited in the specificity of human environments and structures that can be mimicked. This study aimed to control the measurable computed tomography (CT) number in Hounsfield units through polymeric biomedical phantom materials using controlled amounts of hydroxyapatite (hA). The purpose was to fabricate CT phantoms capable of mimicking various coronary plaque types while introducing a fabrication technique and basis for a numerical model to which the technique may be applied. The CT number is tunable based on the controlled material properties of electron density and atomic numbers. Three different polymeric matrices of polyethylene (PE), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were selected due to their varied specific densities and ease of fabrication acting as integral properties for CT phantom fabrication. These polymers were processed together with additions of hA in mass percentages of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20% hA as well as a 0% hA as a control for each polymeric material. By adding hA to PE, TPU, and PVDF an increasing trend was exhibited between CT number and weight percent of hA.
生物医学体模常用于各种医学成像模态，以提高成像质量和程序。目前商业制造的生物医学体模成本高昂，且在可模拟的人体环境和结构特异性方面存在局限。本研究旨在通过使用可控量的羟基磷灰石（hA）的聚合物生物医学体模材料，以亨氏单位控制可测量的计算机断层扫描（CT）值。目的是制造能够模拟各种冠状动脉斑块类型的CT体模，同时引入一种制造技术以及该技术可应用的数值模型基础。基于电子密度和原子序数的可控材料特性，CT值是可调的。选择了三种不同的聚合物基体，即聚乙烯（PE）、热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）和聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF），因其不同的比重以及易于制造，这些特性是CT体模制造的重要属性。这些聚合物与添加质量百分比分别为2.5%、5%、10%和20%的hA以及作为每种聚合物材料对照的0% hA一起进行加工。通过向PE、TPU和PVDF中添加hA，CT值与hA的重量百分比之间呈现出上升趋势。
