Teixeira Maria G, Costa Maria da Conceição N, de Oliveira Wanderson K, Nunes Marilia Lavocat, Rodrigues Laura C
Maria G. Teixeira and Maria da Conceição N. Costa are with Instituto de Saúde Coletiva-Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil. Wanderson Kleber de Oliveira and Marilia Lavocat Nunes are with Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Brazil. Laura C. Rodrigues is with London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England.
Am J Public Health. 2016 Apr;106(4):601-5. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303113.
We describe the epidemic of microcephaly in Brazil, its detection and attempts to control it, the suspected causal link with Zika virus infection during pregnancy, and possible scenarios for the future. In October 2015, in Pernambuco, Brazil, an increase in the number of newborns with microcephaly was reported. Mothers of the affected newborns reported rashes during pregnancy and no exposure to other potentially teratogenic agents. Women delivering in October would have been in the first trimester of pregnancy during the peak of a Zika epidemic in March. By the end of 2015, 4180 cases of suspected microcephaly had been reported. Zika spread to other American countries and, in February 2016, the World Health Organization declared the Zika epidemic a public health emergency of international concern. This unprecedented situation underscores the urgent need to establish the evidence of congenital infection risk by gestational week and accrue knowledge. There is an urgent call for a Zika vaccine, better diagnostic tests, effective treatment, and improved mosquito-control methods.
我们描述了巴西小头畸形的流行情况、其发现及控制措施、孕期感染寨卡病毒与其疑似因果关系，以及未来可能出现的情况。2015年10月，巴西伯南布哥州报告了小头畸形新生儿数量增加的情况。受影响新生儿的母亲报告称孕期出现皮疹，且未接触其他潜在致畸因素。10月分娩的女性在3月寨卡疫情高峰期时处于妊娠早期。到2015年底，已报告4180例疑似小头畸形病例。寨卡病毒传播到其他美洲国家，2016年2月，世界卫生组织宣布寨卡疫情为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。这一前所未有的情况凸显了迫切需要确定按孕周划分的先天性感染风险证据并积累相关知识。人们迫切呼吁研发寨卡疫苗、改进诊断检测方法、找到有效治疗手段并改善蚊虫控制方法。
