Cannon Anna Maria, Sakalidis Vanessa Susanna, Lai Ching Tat, Perrella Sharon Lisa, Geddes Donna Tracy
School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Medela AG, Baar, Switzerland.
Early Hum Dev. 2016 May;96:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Mar 8.
The importance of an infant's intra-oral vacuum in milk removal from the breast has been established. However, the relationship between the vacuum curve and milk transfer is not well understood.
To investigate the parameters of the infant suck cycle in relation to the volume of milk removed from the breast.
Cross-sectional study to elucidate the role of infant intra-oral vacuum in efficient milk removal from the breast.
Nineteen fully breastfed term infants.
Intra-oral vacuum was recorded during monitored breastfeeds using a pressure transducer. Ultrasound imaging (milk flow) and respiratory inductive plethysmography (swallowing) were used to determine the nutritive sucking (NS) portion of the feed. Milk intake was determined by weighing infants before and after feeds. Vacuum traces of the first and next 2min of NS from the first breast were analysed.
The volumes of milk removed during both NS periods were negatively associated with peak vacuum (p<0.001) and rate of vacuum application (p<0.001), and positively related to area under first half of the suck cycle (p<0.001). Most parameters changed significantly from the first 2min of NS to the next 2min including significant reduction in peak vacuum and area under first half of the suck cycle.
These results further support the role of intra-oral vacuum, specifically optimal peak vacuum, in effective and efficient milk removal during breastfeeding. It also appears that infants modify their sucking dynamics to adapt to changes in milk flow during milk ejection as the breast empties.
婴儿口腔内负压在从乳房吸出乳汁中的重要性已得到证实。然而，负压曲线与乳汁传输之间的关系尚不清楚。
研究婴儿吸吮周期参数与从乳房吸出乳汁量的关系。
横断面研究，以阐明婴儿口腔内负压在有效从乳房吸出乳汁中的作用。
19名全母乳喂养的足月儿。
在监测母乳喂养过程中，使用压力传感器记录口腔内负压。超声成像（乳汁流动）和呼吸感应体积描记法（吞咽）用于确定喂养中的营养性吸吮（NS）部分。通过在喂养前后对婴儿称重来确定乳汁摄入量。分析来自第一侧乳房的NS期前2分钟及接下来2分钟的负压轨迹。
在两个NS期内吸出的乳汁量与峰值负压（p<0.001）和负压施加速率（p<0.001）呈负相关，与吸吮周期前半段的面积呈正相关（p<0.001）。大多数参数从NS期的前2分钟到接下来的2分钟有显著变化，包括峰值负压和吸吮周期前半段面积的显著降低。
这些结果进一步支持了口腔内负压，特别是最佳峰值负压，在母乳喂养期间有效且高效吸出乳汁中的作用。随着乳房排空，婴儿似乎也会调整其吸吮动态以适应乳汁排出过程中乳汁流量的变化。
