Balmer S E, Scott P H, Wharton B A
Sorrento Maternity Hospital, Birmingham.
Arch Dis Child. 1989 Dec;64(12):1685-90. doi: 10.1136/adc.64.12.1685.
The faecal flora of breast fed babies differs from that of bottle fed babies. We have shown that the use of a whey predominant formula rather than a casein predominant one induced a faecal flora generally closer to that of breast fed babies but substantial differences remained. The whey proteins of breast milk include much more lactoferrin than is found in cows' milk. Observations both in animals and in vitro suggest that lactoferrin could be responsible for some of these differences between bottle and breast fed babies. This study was designed to determine the effects on faecal flora of the addition of bovine lactoferrin to the diet of bottle fed babies while holding other qualities of their diet constant. As lactoferrin is an iron binding protein three test formulas were used: (a) no added iron and no added lactoferrin (basic), (b) no iron but added lactoferrin (L), and (c) added iron and lactoferrin (LF). The addition of lactoferrin had little effect upon the faecal microflora and did not move the pattern of the faecal flora in the direction of the breast fed baby. The addition of iron to the formula had more effect on the faecal flora than did lactoferrin. At day 4 it encouraged Escherichia coli and discouraged staphylococcal faecal colonisation. At day 14 the addition of iron to the formula discouraged bifidobacteria. The reasons why bovine lactoferrin was ineffective in vivo in this study are discussed.
母乳喂养婴儿的粪便菌群与人工喂养婴儿的不同。我们已经表明，使用以乳清为主的配方奶粉而非以酪蛋白为主的配方奶粉会使粪便菌群总体上更接近母乳喂养婴儿的，但仍存在显著差异。母乳中的乳清蛋白所含乳铁蛋白比牛奶中的多得多。动物实验和体外实验的观察结果表明，乳铁蛋白可能是导致人工喂养和母乳喂养婴儿之间这些差异的部分原因。本研究旨在确定在人工喂养婴儿的饮食中添加牛乳铁蛋白同时保持其他饮食特性不变时对粪便菌群的影响。由于乳铁蛋白是一种铁结合蛋白，使用了三种测试配方奶粉：(a) 不添加铁且不添加乳铁蛋白（基础配方），(b) 不添加铁但添加乳铁蛋白（L配方），以及 (c) 添加铁和乳铁蛋白（LF配方）。添加乳铁蛋白对粪便微生物群影响很小，并且没有使粪便菌群模式朝着母乳喂养婴儿的方向转变。向配方奶粉中添加铁对粪便菌群的影响比乳铁蛋白更大。在第4天，它促进了大肠杆菌生长并抑制了粪便葡萄球菌定殖。在第14天，向配方奶粉中添加铁抑制了双歧杆菌生长。本文讨论了本研究中牛乳铁蛋白在体内无效的原因。
