Grzes Maria, Sadkowski Slawomir, Rzewuska Katarzyna, Szydlowski Maciej, Switonski Marek
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637, Poznan, Poland.
Mol Biol Rep. 2016 May;43(5):381-9. doi: 10.1007/s11033-016-3969-z. Epub 2016 Mar 10.
Fat content and fatty acid (FA) profile influence meat quality in pigs. These parameters are important for consumers due to their preferences for healthy, high quality meat. The aim of this study was searching for polymorphisms and transcript levels of two positional and functional candidate genes, FASN and INSIG2, encoding proteins which take part in lipid metabolism. The molecular findings were analyzed in relation to fatness traits. Pigs of four commercial breeds were included: Polish Landrace (PL), Polish Large White (PLW), Duroc and Pietrain. DNA sequencing, 5'RACE technique and real time PCR and association analysis were applied. In total, 20 polymorphisms in 5'-flanking, 5'UTR and 3'UTR regions of FASN (12 novel polymorphisms) and INSIG2 (seven novel ones and one known) genes were found. Association study with fatness traits (PL n = 225, PLW n = 179) revealed that four polymorphisms (c.-2908G>A, c.-2335C>T, c.*42_43insCCCCA and c.*264A>G) of the FASN gene were associated with back fat thickness in PL and PLW. Since the polymorphisms were identified in regulatory sequences of the both genes also their transcript levels were studied in PLW (n = 23), PL (n = 22), Pietrain (n = 17) and Duroc (n = 23). The INSIG2 transcript level was positively correlated with monounsaturated FA contents in the longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle. Several correlations were also found between three polymorphisms (c.*264A>G and c.-2335C>T in FASN, and c.-5527C>G in INSIG2) and the FA content. Our study showed that the FASN gene is a promising marker for subcutaneous fat tissue accumulation, while INSIG2 is a promising marker for FA composition.
脂肪含量和脂肪酸（FA）组成会影响猪的肉质。由于消费者偏好健康、高品质的肉类，这些参数对他们来说很重要。本研究的目的是寻找两个位置和功能候选基因FASN和INSIG2的多态性和转录水平，这两个基因编码参与脂质代谢的蛋白质。对分子研究结果与肥胖性状进行了分析。研究纳入了四个商业品种的猪：波兰大白猪（PL）、波兰长白猪（PLW）、杜洛克猪和皮特兰猪。应用了DNA测序、5'RACE技术、实时PCR和关联分析。总共在FASN基因（12个新的多态性）的5'侧翼、5'UTR和3'UTR区域以及INSIG2基因（7个新的和1个已知的）中发现了20个多态性。与肥胖性状的关联研究（PL n = 225，PLW n = 179）表明，FASN基因的四个多态性（c.-2908G>A、c.-2335C>T、c.*42_43insCCCCA和c.*264A>G）与PL和PLW的背膘厚度相关。由于在这两个基因的调控序列中鉴定出了多态性，因此还在PLW（n = 23）、PL（n = 22）、皮特兰猪（n = 17）和杜洛克猪（n = 23）中研究了它们的转录水平。INSIG2转录水平与胸腰最长肌中的单不饱和脂肪酸含量呈正相关。还发现三个多态性（FASN中的c.*264A>G和c.-2335C>T以及INSIG2中的c.-5527C>G）与脂肪酸含量之间存在几种相关性。我们的研究表明，FASN基因是皮下脂肪组织积累的一个有前景的标记，而INSIG2是脂肪酸组成的一个有前景的标记。
