Lei Xiaoning, Xiu Guangli, Li Bo, Zhang Kun, Zhao Mengfei
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical processes, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), Shanghai, 200237, China.
Australia-China Centre for Air Quality Science and Management, Shanghai, 200237, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Jun;23(12):12120-7. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6422-x. Epub 2016 Mar 11.
The personal exposure of 51 graduate students to PM2.5 and BC in Shanghai was evaluated using portable PM2.5 and BC samplers. Global positioning systems and activity diaries were used to evaluate the microenvironments/activities that contributed to the total daily exposure of the participants, as well as to accurately estimate the PM2.5 and BC doses received by each participant. The mean PM2.5 and BC exposure concentrations were 110.0 and 5.3 μg m(-3), respectively. These exposure levels were considered extremely high and comparable to those measured in a busy urban street canyon for 24 h. High daily inhaled doses in terms of both PM2.5 and BC concentrations were measured, obtaining 1062.2 and 45.9 μg day(-1), respectively. Indoor activities significantly contributed to the students' daily dose. Eating contributed the least to PM2.5 and BC exposure, whereas outdoor activities contributed the most. PM2.5 dose intensity from indoor eating slightly exceeded BC dose intensity; conversely, transportation showed higher exposure for BC than PM2.5.
使用便携式PM2.5和BC采样器对上海51名研究生接触PM2.5和BC的个人暴露情况进行了评估。利用全球定位系统和活动日记来评估对参与者每日总暴露有贡献的微环境/活动，以及准确估算每位参与者所接受的PM2.5和BC剂量。PM2.5和BC的平均暴露浓度分别为110.0和5.3微克/立方米。这些暴露水平被认为极高，与繁忙城市街道峡谷中24小时的测量值相当。就PM2.5和BC浓度而言，均测得较高的每日吸入剂量，分别为1062.2和45.9微克/天。室内活动对学生的每日剂量贡献显著。饮食对PM2.5和BC暴露的贡献最小，而户外活动的贡献最大。室内饮食的PM2.5剂量强度略超过BC剂量强度；相反，交通出行显示BC的暴露高于PM2.5。
