Casavechia Maria Teresinha Gomes, Lonardoni Maria Valdrinez Campana, Venazzi Eneide Aparecida Sabaini, Campanerut-Sá Paula Aline Zanetti, da Costa Benalia Hugo Rafael, Mattiello Matheus Felipe, Menechini Pedro Victor Lazaretti, Dos Santos Carlos Aparecido, Teixeira Jorge Juarez Vieira
Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
Parasitol Res. 2016 Jun;115(6):2321-9. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-4980-y. Epub 2016 Mar 18.
Approximately 2 billion people are infected with soil-transmitted helminths worldwide, mainly in tropical and subtropical areas. This research aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors associated with parasitic infections in primary health care. A cross-sectional study was performed with a large random sample to identify the prevalence and predictors associated with parasitic infections in primary health care in Marialva, southern Brazil, from April 2011 to September 2013. Stool samples from 775 individuals were analyzed for the presence of protozoan cysts, helminth eggs, and larvae. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 13.94 %, and the prevalence of protozoa and helminths was 15.1 and 2.9 %, respectively. The predictor variables that were associated with intestinal parasites were male gender odds ratio (OR) 1.60, 95 % confidence interval (CI 1.10-2.40) and the absence of a kitchen garden (OR 2.28, 95 % CI, 1.08-4.85). Positive associations were found between Giardia duodenalis and individuals aged ≤18 with high risk (OR 19.0, 95 % CI 2.16-167.52), between Endolimax nana and the absence of a kitchen garden (p < 0.01), and between Trichuris trichiura and the presence of a kitchen garden (p = 0.014). Polyparasitism was present in 27.27 % of infected individuals. Our findings confirmed a relatively low prevalence in primary care, compared to international standards, despite the rare publications in the area. As variables, male gender and the absence of a kitchen garden stood out as important predictors. It is highly relevant that the health conditions of the population comply with consistent standards.
全球约有20亿人感染土壤传播的蠕虫，主要分布在热带和亚热带地区。本研究旨在调查初级卫生保健中寄生虫感染的患病率及其预测因素。2011年4月至2013年9月，在巴西南部的玛丽亚尔瓦进行了一项横断面研究，采用大随机样本确定初级卫生保健中寄生虫感染的患病率及其预测因素。对775人的粪便样本进行分析，以检测原生动物囊肿、蠕虫卵和幼虫的存在。肠道寄生虫的总体患病率为13.94%，原生动物和蠕虫的患病率分别为15.1%和2.9%。与肠道寄生虫相关的预测变量为男性（优势比[OR]1.60，95%置信区间[CI]1.10 - 2.40）以及没有菜园（OR 2.28，95% CI 1.08 - 4.85）。十二指肠贾第虫与年龄≤18岁的高危个体之间存在正相关（OR 19.0，95% CI 2.16 - 167.52），微小内蜒阿米巴与没有菜园之间存在正相关（p < 0.01），毛首鞭形线虫与有菜园之间存在正相关（p = 0.014）。27.27%的感染个体存在多重寄生虫感染。我们的研究结果证实，尽管该领域的相关出版物较少，但与国际标准相比，初级保健中的患病率相对较低。作为变量，男性和没有菜园是重要的预测因素。民众的健康状况符合一致标准具有高度相关性。
