German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin).
Freie Universität Berlin.
J Pers. 2017 Aug;85(4):454-463. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12252. Epub 2016 Apr 22.
Previous research found that cognitive training increases the Big Five personality trait Openness to Experience during and some weeks after the intervention. The present study investigated whether long-term changes happen in Openness to Experience and other personality traits after an extensive cognitive training of memory and perceptual speed. The intervention group consisted of 204 adults (20-31 years and 65-80 years; 50% female) who received daily 1-hour cognitive training sessions for about 100 days. The control group consisted of 86 adults (21-29 years and 65-82 years; 51% female) who received no cognitive training. All participants answered the NEO Five-Factor Inventory before and 2 years after the cognitive training. Latent change models were applied that controlled for age group (young vs. old) and gender. In the long run, the cognitive training did not affect changes in any facet of Openness to Experience. This was true for young and old participants as well as for men and women. Instead, the cognitive training lowered the general increase of Conscientiousness. Even an extensive cognitive training on memory and perceptual speed does not serve as a sufficient intervention for enduring changes in Openness to Experiences or one of its facets.
先前的研究发现，认知训练可以在干预期间和干预结束后的数周内增加大五人格特质中的开放性。本研究旨在探讨在进行广泛的记忆和知觉速度认知训练后，开放性和其他人格特质是否会发生长期变化。干预组由 204 名成年人（20-31 岁和 65-80 岁；女性占 50%）组成，他们每天接受 1 小时的认知训练，大约持续 100 天。对照组由 86 名成年人（21-29 岁和 65-82 岁；女性占 51%）组成，他们没有接受认知训练。所有参与者在认知训练前后两年都回答了 NEO 五因素人格问卷。应用潜在变化模型控制了年龄组（年轻组和老年组）和性别。从长远来看，认知训练并没有影响开放性的任何方面的变化。无论是年轻参与者还是老年参与者，无论是男性还是女性，情况都是如此。相反，认知训练降低了责任心的普遍增长。即使是针对记忆和知觉速度的广泛认知训练，也不能作为持久改变开放性或其特征之一的充分干预措施。
