Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2024 Sep;31(5):914-931. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2284412. Epub 2023 Nov 24.
Increased variability in cognitive scores, mood or personality traits can be indicative of underlying neurological disorders. Whether variability in cognition is due to changes in mood or personality is unknown. A total of 66 younger adults, 51 healthy older adults and 38 participants with cognitive impairment completed 21 daily sessions of attention, working memory, mood, and personality assessment. Group differences in mean performance and variability were examined using Bayesian mixed effects location scale models. Variability in attention decreased from younger to older adults and then increased again in cognitive impairment. Younger adults were more variable in agreeableness, openness and conscientiousness compared to older adults. The clinically impaired group differed from the healthy older adults in terms of variability on attention, openness, and conscientiousness. Healthy aging results in greater stability in personality traits over short intervals yet this stability is not redundant with increased stability in cognitive scores.
认知评分、情绪或人格特质的变化可能表明存在潜在的神经紊乱。但是，认知变化是否归因于情绪或人格变化，目前尚不清楚。共有 66 名年轻成年人、51 名健康老年人和 38 名认知障碍参与者完成了 21 次每日注意力、工作记忆、情绪和人格评估。使用贝叶斯混合效应位置规模模型检验了组间均值表现和可变性的差异。与健康老年人相比，年轻人在注意力、开放性和尽责性方面的变异性更高。与健康老年人相比，临床受损组在注意力、开放性和尽责性方面的变异性存在差异。在短时间内，健康衰老会导致人格特质更加稳定，但这种稳定性与认知评分稳定性的增加并不冗余。
