Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-1 Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8502, Japan.
Research Center for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-1 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Mar;25(8):7250-7261. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6471-1. Epub 2016 Mar 23.
Our previous study showed that the sorption coefficient of certain polar pharmaceuticals to river sediment, especially particular amines, was unexpectedly high. Thus, we conducted sorption experiments of selected polar pharmaceuticals and pyrene derivatives, including amines, carboxylic acids, and neutral compounds, to model clay minerals, i.e., montmorillonite and kaolin, in addition to silica sands and humic substances. The contribution of each component was roughly estimated by simple fractionation of the individual sorption coefficients. Relatively high sorption coefficients (K values) were found, especially for amines on clay minerals, which suggest that electrochemical affinity may play an important role. The estimated contribution percentage suggests a relatively large contribution from inorganic constituents, such as clay minerals, for silt loam soil; in contrast, organic components predominantly contribute for sandy river sediments. These findings could be the key to understanding not only the fate and transport but also bioavailability and environmental risks of pharmaceuticals, which are mostly polar and/or ionizable.
我们之前的研究表明，某些极性药物（尤其是特殊胺类）对河流沉积物的吸附系数出人意料地高。因此，我们进行了一系列吸附实验，选择了一些极性药物和芘的衍生物，包括胺类、羧酸类和中性化合物，以模型粘土矿物（如蒙脱石和高岭土）、二氧化硅砂和腐殖质。通过对各组分的简单分离，大致估算了每个组分的贡献。发现吸附系数（K 值）较高，特别是对于粘土矿物上的胺类，这表明电化学亲和力可能起重要作用。估计的贡献百分比表明，对于粉壤土，无机成分（如粘土矿物）的贡献相对较大；而对于沙质河流沉积物，有机成分则主要贡献。这些发现可能是理解药物（大多为极性和/或可离子化）的归宿和迁移、生物利用度和环境风险的关键，这些药物的归宿和迁移、生物利用度和环境风险大多与极性和/或可离子化有关。
