Jones Wendy, Haslam Roger, Haslam Cheryl
a School of Civil and Building Engineering , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.
b Loughborough Design School , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.
Ergonomics. 2017 Jan;60(1):138-149. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2016.1165870. Epub 2016 Apr 6.
This paper proposes a model of job quality, developed from interviews with blue collar workers: bus drivers, manufacturing operatives and cleaners (n = 80). The model distinguishes between core features, important for almost all workers, and 'job fit' features, important to some but not others, or where individuals might have different preferences. Core job features found important for almost all interviewees included job security, personal safety and having enough pay to meet their needs. 'Job fit' features included autonomy and the opportunity to form close relationships. These showed more variation between participants; priorities were influenced by family commitments, stage of life and personal preference. The resulting theoretical perspective indicates the features necessary for a job to be considered 'good' by the person doing it, whilst not adversely affecting their health. The model should have utility as a basis for measuring and improving job quality and the laudable goal of creating 'good jobs'. Practitioner Summary: Good work can contribute positively to health and well-being, but there is a lack of agreement regarding the concept of a 'good' job. A model of job quality has been constructed based on semi-structured worker interviews (n = 80). The model emphasises the need to take into account variation between individuals in their preferred work characteristics.
本文提出了一个工作质量模型,该模型是在对蓝领工人(公交车司机、制造业工人和清洁工,n = 80)进行访谈的基础上开发的。该模型区分了对几乎所有工人都重要的核心特征和对一些人重要但对另一些人不重要或个人可能有不同偏好的“工作适配”特征。几乎所有受访者都认为重要的核心工作特征包括工作保障、人身安全和有足够的收入来满足他们的需求。“工作适配”特征包括自主权和建立亲密关系的机会。这些特征在参与者之间表现出更大的差异;优先级受到家庭责任、生活阶段和个人偏好的影响。由此产生的理论观点指出了一项工作被从事该工作的人认为是“好工作”所必需的特征,同时又不会对他们的健康产生不利影响。该模型应作为衡量和改善工作质量以及创造“好工作”这一值得称赞目标的基础而具有实用性。从业者总结:好的工作可以对健康和幸福产生积极影响,但对于“好工作”的概念缺乏共识。基于对工人的半结构化访谈( n = 80)构建了一个工作质量模型。该模型强调需要考虑个人在其偏好的工作特征方面的差异。