Temizoz Burcu, Kuroda Etsushi, Ishii Ken J
Laboratory of Vaccine Science, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi, Saito, Ibaraki-City, Osaka 567-0085, Japan.
Laboratory of Vaccine Science, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (iFReC), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan Laboratory of Adjuvant Innovation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Asagi, Saito, Ibaraki-City, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
Int Immunol. 2016 Jul;28(7):329-38. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxw015. Epub 2016 Mar 22.
Accumulated evidence obtained from various clinical trials and animal studies suggested that cancer vaccines need better adjuvants than those that are currently licensed, which include the most commonly used alum and incomplete Freund's adjuvant, because of either a lack of potent anti-tumor immunity or the induction of undesired immunity. Several clinical trials using immunostimulatory adjuvants, particularly agonistic as well as non-agonistic ligands for TLRs, C-type lectin receptors, retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptors and stimulator of interferon genes, have revealed their therapeutic potential not only as vaccine adjuvants but also as anti-tumor agents. Recently, combinations of such immunostimulatory or immunomodulatory adjuvants have shown superior efficacy over their singular use, suggesting that seeking optimal combinations of the currently available or well-characterized adjuvants may provide a better chance for the development of novel adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy.
从各种临床试验和动物研究中积累的证据表明，癌症疫苗需要比目前已获许可的佐剂更好的佐剂，目前已获许可的佐剂包括最常用的明矾和不完全弗氏佐剂，原因要么是缺乏有效的抗肿瘤免疫力，要么是诱导了不期望的免疫反应。几项使用免疫刺激佐剂的临床试验，特别是针对Toll样受体（TLR）、C型凝集素受体、视黄酸诱导基因I样受体和干扰素基因刺激物的激动剂以及非激动剂配体，已经揭示了它们不仅作为疫苗佐剂而且作为抗肿瘤剂的治疗潜力。最近，这种免疫刺激或免疫调节佐剂的组合已显示出比单独使用更优越的疗效，这表明寻找目前可用的或特征明确的佐剂的最佳组合可能为开发用于癌症免疫治疗的新型佐剂提供更好的机会。
