Hauck Amy K, Bernlohr David A
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455.
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455
J Lipid Res. 2016 Nov;57(11):1976-1986. doi: 10.1194/jlr.R066597. Epub 2016 Mar 23.
The α,β polyunsaturated lipid aldehydes are potent lipid electrophiles that covalently modify lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Recent work highlights the critical role these lipids play under both physiological and pathological conditions. Protein carbonylation resulting from nucleophilic attack of lysine, histidine, and cysteine residues is a major outcome of oxidative stress and functions as a redox-sensitive signaling mechanism with roles in autophagy, cell proliferation, transcriptional control, and apoptosis. In addition, protein carbonylation is implicated as an initiating factor in mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress, providing a mechanistic connection between oxidative stress and metabolic disease. In this review, we discuss the generation and metabolism of reactive lipid aldehydes, as well as their signaling roles.
α,β多不饱和脂质醛是强效脂质亲电试剂，可共价修饰脂质、蛋白质和核酸。最近的研究突出了这些脂质在生理和病理条件下所起的关键作用。赖氨酸、组氨酸和半胱氨酸残基的亲核攻击导致的蛋白质羰基化是氧化应激的主要结果，并且作为一种氧化还原敏感的信号机制，在自噬、细胞增殖、转录控制和细胞凋亡中发挥作用。此外，蛋白质羰基化被认为是线粒体功能障碍和内质网应激的起始因素，为氧化应激和代谢疾病之间提供了一种机制联系。在本综述中，我们讨论了活性脂质醛的产生和代谢及其信号传导作用。
