Sentse Miranda, Kretschmer Tina, de Haan Amaranta, Prinzie Peter
Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Youth Adolesc. 2017 Aug;46(8):1633-1642. doi: 10.1007/s10964-016-0476-4. Epub 2016 Mar 26.
Individual heterogeneity exists in the onset and development of conduct problems, but theoretical claims about predictors and prognosis are often not consistent with the empirical findings. This study examined shape and outcomes of conduct problem trajectories in a Belgian population-based sample (N = 682; 49.5 % boys). Mothers reported on children's conduct problems across six waves (age 4-17) and emerging adults reported on their behavioral adjustment (age 17-20). Applying mixture modeling, we found four gender-invariant trajectories (labeled life-course-persistent, adolescence-onset, childhood-limited, and low). The life-course-persistent group was least favorably adjusted, but the adolescence-onset group was similarly maladjusted in externalizing problems and may be less normative (15 % of the sample) than previously believed. The childhood-limited group was at heightened risk for specifically internalizing problems, being more worrisome than its label suggests. Interventions should not only be aimed at early detection of conduct problems, but also at adolescents to avoid future maladjustment.
品行问题的发生和发展存在个体异质性，但关于预测因素和预后的理论主张往往与实证研究结果不一致。本研究在一个比利时基于人群的样本（N = 682；49.5%为男孩）中考察了品行问题轨迹的形态和结果。母亲们报告了孩子在六个时间点（4至17岁）的品行问题，而青少年报告了他们在17至20岁时的行为调适情况。应用混合模型，我们发现了四条性别不变的轨迹（分别标记为终生持续型、青春期起病型、儿童期局限型和低水平型）。终生持续型组的调适情况最不理想，但青春期起病型组在外化问题方面的调适情况同样不佳，而且可能比之前认为的更不具有典型性（占样本的15%）。儿童期局限型组出现内化问题的风险更高，比其标签所显示的情况更令人担忧。干预措施不仅应旨在早期发现品行问题，还应针对青少年，以避免未来出现调适不良的情况。
