Song Jiangen, Zha Xiaojuan, Li Haibo, Guo Rui, Zhu Yu, Wen Yufeng
School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China.
Department of Physical Examination, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Mar 31;13(4):392. doi: 10.3390/ijerph13040392.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) represent serious threats to human health, and as a result, this study was aimed at understanding the blood glucose distribution characteristics and the risk factors among a large health examination population in China.
An investigation with physical and biochemical examinations and questionnaires was conducted in the physical examination center from 2011 to 2014 and as a result 175,122 physical examination attendees were enrolled in this study. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing blood sugar levels.
The rates of IFG and DM were 6.0% and 3.8%. Prevalence were 7.6%/5.1% in males and 5.1%/2.8% in females for IFG and DM, respectively. The prevalence of IFG and DM were thus higher in males than in females. In the normal group, except high density lipoprotein (HDL) that was significantly higher than in the IFG and DM group, the other indexes (age, body mass index (BMI), glucose (Glu), total cholesterol (TC) and total glycerides (TG) were lower than those in the IFG and DM group. The proportion of IFG and DM also increased with the increases in proportion of abnormal blood pressure, smoking and alcohol consumption. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increasing age, high BMI, high TC, high TG and low HDL increased the risk of diabetes, while in males, in addition to the above factors, the smoking and drinking factors also increased the risk of diabetes. After the age of 65, the blood glucose level reached a peak in males, while in females, the increasing trends was on the rise. The inflexion age of the fast rise was younger in males than in females.
The study population showed a high prevalence of DM and IFG among the adults. Regular physical examination for the early detection of diabetes is recommended in the high-risk population.
糖尿病（DM）和空腹血糖受损（IFG）对人类健康构成严重威胁，因此，本研究旨在了解中国大规模健康体检人群的血糖分布特征及危险因素。
2011年至2014年在体检中心进行了体格检查、生化检查及问卷调查，共纳入175,122名体检者。采用多因素logistic回归分析探讨影响血糖水平的因素。
IFG和DM的患病率分别为6.0%和3.8%。IFG和DM在男性中的患病率分别为7.6%/5.1%，在女性中分别为5.1%/2.8%。因此，IFG和DM的患病率男性高于女性。在正常组中，除高密度脂蛋白（HDL）显著高于IFG和DM组外，其他指标（年龄、体重指数（BMI）、血糖（Glu）、总胆固醇（TC）和甘油三酯（TG））均低于IFG和DM组。IFG和DM的比例也随着血压异常、吸烟和饮酒比例的增加而增加。多因素logistic回归分析显示，年龄增加、高BMI、高TC、高TG和低HDL增加糖尿病风险，而在男性中，除上述因素外，吸烟和饮酒因素也增加糖尿病风险。65岁以后，男性血糖水平达到峰值，而女性血糖呈上升趋势。男性血糖快速上升的拐点年龄比女性小。
该研究人群中成年人DM和IFG患病率较高。建议高危人群定期体检以早期发现糖尿病。
