Ghatak S, Singh B B
Rev Sci Tech. 2015 Dec;34(3):713-27. doi: 10.20506/rst.34.3.2391.
Veterinary public health (VPH) assumes huge significance in developing countries such as India. However, the implementation of VPH services throughout the country is still in its infancy. From 1970 onwards, many institutes, national and international organisations, professional societies, policies and personalities have contributed towards the development of VPH in India. Nevertheless, there is an urgent need to develop VPH still further as there are many issues, such as high population density, the re-emergence of zoonotic pathogens, environmental pollution and antimicrobial resistance, that require attention. The time has surely come to involve all stakeholders, ranging from primary producers (e.g., farmers) to policy-makers, so as to garner support for the holistic implementation of VPH services in India. To improve VPH activities and services, science-based policies enforced through stringent regulation are required to improve human, animal and environmental health. The emergence of the 'One Health' concept has ushered in new hopes for the resurrection of VPH in India. Applying tools such as the World Organisation for Animal Health (OlE) Day One Competencies and the OlE Tool for the Evaluation of Performance of Veterinary Services (PVS Tool) is essential to improve the quality of national Veterinary Services and to identify gaps and weaknesses in service provision, which can be remedied to comply with the OlE international standards. VPH initiatives started modestly but they continue to grow. The present review is focused on the current status and future needs of VPH in India.
兽医公共卫生（VPH）在印度等发展中国家具有重大意义。然而，VPH服务在全国的实施仍处于起步阶段。自1970年以来，许多机构、国家和国际组织、专业协会、政策及个人都为印度VPH的发展做出了贡献。尽管如此，仍迫切需要进一步发展VPH，因为存在许多问题，如高人口密度、人畜共患病原体的再度出现、环境污染和抗菌药物耐药性等，都需要关注。现在确实是时候让从初级生产者（如农民）到政策制定者等所有利益相关者参与进来，以便为在印度全面实施VPH服务获得支持。为了改善VPH活动和服务，需要通过严格监管执行基于科学的政策，以改善人类、动物和环境健康。“同一健康”概念的出现为印度VPH的复兴带来了新希望。应用世界动物卫生组织（OIE）“一日能力”等工具以及OIE兽医服务绩效评估工具（PVS工具）对于提高国家兽医服务质量和识别服务提供中的差距与不足至关重要，这些差距和不足可以得到弥补以符合OIE国际标准。VPH倡议起步规模较小，但仍在不断发展。本综述聚焦于印度VPH的现状和未来需求。
