Katanbaf M N, Dunnington E A, Siegel P B
Department of Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061-0332.
Poult Sci. 1989 Mar;68(3):352-8. doi: 10.3382/ps.0680352.
Reproductive traits of females from a broiler-breeder parent stock segregating for early and late feathering were measured under four feeding regimens. Feeding regimens consisted of ad libitum (AL, feed was always available), ad libitum restricted (ALR, feed restricted daily to control body weight), and skip-one-day and skip-two-days (SOD and STD, given two or three times ALR allowance on Day 1 and not fed on the next 1 or 2 days, respectively). At 160 days of age, pullets on SOD and STD were changed to ALR feeding, and daily feed allowances were increased to 135 g by Day 180 and 138 g by Day 250. Early and late feathering chickens responded similarly, except that hen-day ovulation rates, relative egg shell weights, and incidences of extracalcified and compressed eggs were greater for the former than the later. For most traits measured, differences among restricted feeding regimens were minor, but considerable differences were noted between them and the AL regimen. Females fed AL reached sexual maturity approximately 60 days earlier than those whose feed intake was restricted. Also, body weights at onset of lay were about 1,200 g greater for AL than for feed-restricted females. Percentages of hen-day ovulation, normal egg production, and duration of fertility were lower, whereas incidence of defective eggs was higher for AL than for feed-restricted chickens.
在四种饲养方案下，对一个肉种鸡亲本品系中早羽和晚羽分离的雌性繁殖性状进行了测定。饲养方案包括自由采食（AL，饲料始终可获取）、自由采食限制（ALR，每天限制饲料以控制体重）以及隔日限饲和隔两日限饲（SOD和STD，在第1天分别给予ALR供应量的两倍或三倍，接下来的1天或2天不喂食）。在160日龄时，SOD和STD组的小母鸡改为ALR饲养，到180日龄时每日饲料供应量增加到135克，到250日龄时增加到138克。早羽和晚羽鸡的反应相似，只是前者的母鸡日产蛋率、相对蛋壳重量以及无钙化和受压蛋的发生率高于后者。对于所测量的大多数性状，限饲方案之间的差异较小，但它们与自由采食方案之间存在显著差异。自由采食的雌性比采食受限的雌性大约早60天达到性成熟。此外，产蛋开始时自由采食组的体重比采食受限的雌性大约重1200克。自由采食组的母鸡日产蛋率、正常产蛋率和受精持续时间的百分比较低，而与采食受限的鸡相比，自由采食组的次品蛋发生率较高。
