Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science & Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia.
Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science & Information Technology, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.
Chemosphere. 2016 Jul;154:350-357. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.068. Epub 2016 Apr 7.
Emerging contaminants (ECs) are chemicals of a synthetic origin or deriving from a natural source that has recently been discovered and for which environmental or public health risks are yet to be established. This is due to limited available information on their interaction and toxicological impacts on receptors. Several types of ECs exist such as antibiotics, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, effluents, certain naturally occurring contaminants and more recently nanomaterials. ECs may derive from a known source, for example released directly to the aquatic environment from direct discharges such as those from wastewater treatment plants. Although in most instances the direct source cannot be identified, ECs have been detected in virtually every country's natural environment and as a consequence they represent a global problem. There is very limited information on the fate and transport of ECs in the environment and their toxicological impact. This lack of information can be attributed to limited financial resources and the lack of analytical techniques for detecting their effects on ecosystems and human health on their own or as mixture. We do not know how ECs interact with each other or various contaminants. This paper presents an overview of existing knowledge on ECs, their fate and transport and a risk-based analysis for ECs management and complementary strategies.
新兴污染物（ECs）是指人工合成或源自天然来源的化学品，这些物质最近才被发现，其对环境或公共健康的风险尚未确定。这是由于关于它们与受体相互作用和毒理学影响的信息有限。存在几种类型的 ECs，例如抗生素、农药、药物、个人护理产品、废水、某些天然存在的污染物以及最近的纳米材料。ECs 可能来自已知来源，例如直接从废水处理厂等直接排放到水生环境中释放。尽管在大多数情况下无法确定直接来源，但 ECs 已在几乎每个国家的自然环境中被检测到，因此它们是一个全球性问题。关于 ECs 在环境中的归宿和迁移及其毒理学影响的信息非常有限。这种信息的缺乏可以归因于有限的财政资源和缺乏分析技术，无法单独或作为混合物检测它们对生态系统和人类健康的影响。我们不知道 ECs 如何相互作用或与各种污染物相互作用。本文概述了关于 ECs 的现有知识，包括它们的归宿和迁移，以及基于风险的 ECs 管理和补充策略的分析。
