Villazanakretzer Diana L, Napolitano Peter G, Cummings Kelly F, Magann Everett F
Captain.
Colonel, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Madigan Army Medical Center, US Army Medical Corps, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA.
Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2016 Apr;71(4):253-9. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000303.
Intestinal parasitic worms affect more than 2 billion people worldwide according to the World Health Organization. Fish-borne parasitic infections are becoming more common with the increasing popularity of sushi, sashimi, Carpaccio, tartare, gefilte, and ceviche. The ingestion of these parasites can cause serve anemia, malabsorption, severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, strong allergic reactions, and gastric ulcers. Knowledge about fish parasites and pregnancy is limited. A literature search on PubMed and Web of Science used the search terms "fish parasites" OR "diphyllobothrium" OR "anisakiasis" OR "pseudoterranova" OR ("food borne parasites" AND "fish") AND "pregnancy" OR "maternal" OR "fetus" OR "fetal" OR "newborn" OR "neonatal" OR "childbirth." No limit was put on the number of years searched. There were 281 publications identified. The abstracts of all of these publications were read. After exclusion of the articles that were not relevant to pregnancy, pregnancy outcome, and fish parasites, there were 24 articles that became the basis of this review. The pathophysiology, altered maternal immunity related to the infection, limited information about fish-borne parasitic infections and pregnancy, and treatments are discussed. The main impact of a fish-borne parasitic infection on pregnant women is anemia and altered immunity, which may increase the risk of a maternal infection. The primary fetal effects include intrauterine growth restriction and preterm delivery.
根据世界卫生组织的数据，肠道寄生虫感染全球超过20亿人。随着寿司、生鱼片、意大利生牛肉片、鞑靼牛肉、鱼丸冻和酸橘汁腌鱼越来越受欢迎，食源性寄生虫感染正变得越来越普遍。摄入这些寄生虫会导致严重贫血、吸收不良、剧烈腹痛、恶心呕吐、强烈过敏反应和胃溃疡。关于鱼类寄生虫与妊娠的知识有限。在PubMed和科学网进行文献检索时，使用了以下检索词：“鱼类寄生虫”或“阔节裂头绦虫”或“异尖线虫病”或“伪新线虫属”或（“食源性寄生虫”且“鱼类”）以及“妊娠”或“母体”或“胎儿”或“胎儿期”或“新生儿”或“新生儿期”或“分娩”。检索年份不设限制。共识别出281篇出版物。阅读了所有这些出版物的摘要。在排除与妊娠、妊娠结局和鱼类寄生虫无关的文章后，有24篇文章成为本综述的基础。本文讨论了病理生理学、与感染相关的母体免疫改变、关于食源性寄生虫感染与妊娠的有限信息以及治疗方法。食源性寄生虫感染对孕妇的主要影响是贫血和免疫改变，这可能会增加母体感染的风险。对胎儿的主要影响包括宫内生长受限和早产。
