Lawal Bashir, Shittu Oluwatosin Kudirat, Abubakar Asmau Niwoye, Olalekan Ibrahim Azeez, Jimoh Adisa Mohammed, Abdulazeez Adeniyi Kamoru
Department of Biochemistry, Tropical Disease Research Unit, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 65, Minna, Nigeria.
Department of Forestry Technology, Federal College of Wild Life Management, New Bussa, Niger.
J Intercult Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Jan 5;5(1):43-8. doi: 10.5455/jice.20151208122127. eCollection 2016 Jan-Feb.
Propolis is a bee (Apis mellifera) product of plant origin with varied chemical composition depending on the ecology of the botanical origin. It has been reported in literature to possess various therapeutic effects both traditionally, clinical trial, and animal study.
In the present study bioactive principle in methanol extract of Nigerian bee (A. mellifera) propolis was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) study.
The methanol extract of Nigerian bee (A. mellifera) propolis was characterized for its chemical composition by preliminary phytochemicals screening and GC/MS analysis using standard procedures and methods.
Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones phlobatannins, and steroids while GC/MS chromatogram revealed nineteen peaks representing 60 different chemical compounds. The first compounds identified with less retention time (RT) (13.33s) were methyl tetradecanoate, tridecanoic acid, methyl ester, decanoic acid, methyl ester while squalene, all-trans-squalene, 2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-, (E,E)- and farnesol isomer a took longest RT (23.647s) to identify. Methyl 14-methylpentadecanoate, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, methyl isoheptadecanoate, and methyl tridecanoate were the most concentrated constituent as revealed by there peak height (26.01%) while eicosanoic acid was the least concentrated (peak height 0.81%) constituent of Nigerian bee propolis.
The presence of these chemical principles is an indication that methanol extract of Nigeria bee propolis, if properly screened could yield a drug of pharmaceutical importance.
蜂胶是蜜蜂（西方蜜蜂）的一种植物源产品，其化学成分因植物来源的生态环境而异。文献报道，蜂胶在传统医学、临床试验和动物研究中均具有多种治疗作用。
本研究通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC/MS）分析确定尼日利亚蜜蜂（西方蜜蜂）蜂胶甲醇提取物中的生物活性成分。
采用标准程序和方法，通过初步植物化学筛选和GC/MS分析对尼日利亚蜜蜂（西方蜜蜂）蜂胶的甲醇提取物进行化学成分表征。
植物化学筛选显示存在黄酮类、皂苷类、生物碱类、单宁类、强心苷类、蒽醌类、鞣花单宁类和甾体类化合物，而GC/MS色谱图显示有19个峰，代表60种不同的化合物。保留时间（RT）较短（13.33秒）的首批鉴定化合物为十四烷酸甲酯、十三烷酸甲酯、癸酸甲酯，而角鲨烯、全反式角鲨烯、2,6,10 - 十二碳三烯 - 1 - 醇、3,7,11 - 三甲基 - （E,E） - 和法尼醇异构体a的鉴定所需RT最长（23.647秒）。通过峰高显示，14 - 甲基十五烷酸甲酯、十六烷酸甲酯、异十七烷酸甲酯和十三烷酸甲酯是含量最高的成分（峰高26.01%），而二十烷酸是尼日利亚蜜蜂蜂胶中含量最低的成分（峰高0.81%）。
这些化学成分的存在表明，尼日利亚蜜蜂蜂胶的甲醇提取物若经过适当筛选，可能会产生具有重要药用价值的药物。
