Netzer-Tomkins Hila, Rubin Lisa, Ephros Moshe
1 Maccabi Health Fund , Tel Aviv, Israel .
2 Department of Maternal and Child Health, Ministry of Health , Jerusalem, Israel .
Breastfeed Med. 2016 Jun;11:218-21. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2016.0007. Epub 2016 Apr 12.
Breastfeeding is the recommended method for feeding newborns and infants. It confers significant health benefits upon both infant and mother and provides developmental, social, and economic advantages.
This study explored possible correlations between breastfeeding and neonatal fever (NF).
One hundred and forty infants hospitalized for fever during the first month of life (NF) were identified by retrospective chart review. These were matched with healthy infants born on the same day in the study hospital and who were not hospitalized in the first month of life. A structured telephone interview to determine breastfeeding practice was conducted with the parents of all study participants.
The prevalence of children who were formula fed or only partially breastfed was significantly higher among hospitalized children compared to healthy controls (66% versus 34%, respectively, p < 0.001). This association remained after adjusting for exposure to smoke, gender, and household crowding. Exposure to household smoke was also independently associated with hospitalization for NF.
Increased rates of breastfeeding should result in fewer hospitalizations for NF, fewer laboratory investigations, less intravenous antibiotic therapy and its complications, and lower indirect expenses. This study demonstrates that exclusive or predominant breastfeeding, as opposed to formula or partial breastfeeding, of infants less than 1 month of age reduces the risk of NF-related hospitalization by over two-fold. Our data provide new evidence of the health benefits of breastfeeding. The retrospective nature of the study and possible recall bias are limitations of the study.
母乳喂养是推荐的新生儿和婴儿喂养方式。它对婴儿和母亲都有显著的健康益处，并具有发育、社会和经济优势。
本研究探讨母乳喂养与新生儿发热（NF）之间可能的相关性。
通过回顾性病历审查，确定了140名在出生后第一个月因发热住院的婴儿（NF）。将这些婴儿与在研究医院同日出生且在出生后第一个月未住院的健康婴儿进行匹配。对所有研究参与者的父母进行了结构化电话访谈，以确定母乳喂养情况。
与健康对照组相比，住院儿童中人工喂养或仅部分母乳喂养的儿童比例显著更高（分别为66%和34%，p < 0.001）。在调整了接触烟雾、性别和家庭拥挤程度后，这种关联仍然存在。接触家庭烟雾也与NF住院独立相关。
增加母乳喂养率应会减少NF住院次数、减少实验室检查、减少静脉抗生素治疗及其并发症，并降低间接费用。本研究表明，与人工喂养或部分母乳喂养相比，1个月以下婴儿纯母乳喂养或主要母乳喂养可将NF相关住院风险降低两倍以上。我们的数据为母乳喂养的健康益处提供了新证据。本研究的回顾性性质和可能的回忆偏倚是本研究的局限性。
