1Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology,College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China.
3Department of Food Science and Technology,University College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur,Bahawalpur 63100,Pakistan.
Animal. 2016 Oct;10(10):1619-25. doi: 10.1017/S1751731116000562. Epub 2016 Apr 15.
Plant flavonoids are generally regarded as natural replacers of synthetic growth promoters in poultry production. This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of plant flavonoids, such as genistein and hesperidin, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broilers. A total of 700 21-day-old commercial Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly assigned into six treatment groups, each having six pens of 20 chicks/pen. Chicks were fed a basal diet without any additive (control, CON), 5 mg genistein/kg feed (G5), 20 mg hesperidin/kg (H20), or a basal diet with a combination of genistein and hesperidin (1 : 4) with doses of 5 mg/kg feed (GH5), 10 mg/kg (GH10) and 20 mg/kg (GH20) for 6 weeks. Half of the birds from each treatment were separated, and either challenged with 0·9% sodium chloride solution or Escherichia coli LPS (250 μg/kg BW) on days 16, 18 and 20. The results showed that both genistein and hesperidin improved (P<0.01) the plasma antioxidant status of growing broilers, by increasing total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreasing malondialdehyde production. LPS challenge further increased (P<0.05) TAOC and SOD levels. Regardless of LPS challenge, both genistein and hesperidin improved the humoral and mucosal immunity by increasing the intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte numbers (P<0.01), as well as anti-Newcastle disease and anti-avian influenza antibody titers (P<0.05). Supplementation of both the plant flavonoids generally increased (P<0.05) the immune organs indices (spleen, thymus and bursa). Thus, supplementation of basal diet of broiler chicks, either with genistein or hesperidin, improved immune and antioxidant status of growing broilers. In addition, combined supplementation of both the flavonoids showed further improvement than individual compounds.
植物类黄酮通常被认为是家禽生产中合成生长促进剂的天然替代品。本研究探讨了植物类黄酮，如染料木黄酮和橙皮苷，对脂多糖（LPS）应激肉鸡的免疫调节作用。将 700 只 21 日龄的商用 Arbor Acres 肉鸡雏鸡随机分为 6 个处理组，每组 6 个围栏，每个围栏 20 只鸡。雏鸡饲喂不含任何添加剂的基础日粮（对照，CON）、5mg/kg 饲料的染料木黄酮（G5）、20mg/kg 橙皮苷（H20）或基础日粮与染料木黄酮和橙皮苷（1:4）的组合，剂量为 5mg/kg 饲料（GH5）、10mg/kg（GH10）和 20mg/kg（GH20），共 6 周。每个处理组的一半鸡被分开，在第 16、18 和 20 天，用 0.9%氯化钠溶液或大肠杆菌 LPS（250μg/kg BW）进行攻毒。结果表明，染料木黄酮和橙皮苷都改善了（P<0.01）生长肉鸡的血浆抗氧化状态，增加了总抗氧化能力（TAOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，降低了丙二醛的产生。LPS 攻毒进一步增加（P<0.05）了 TAOC 和 SOD 水平。无论 LPS 攻毒与否，染料木黄酮和橙皮苷都通过增加肠道上皮内淋巴细胞数量（P<0.01）以及提高新城疫和禽流感抗体滴度（P<0.05）来改善体液和黏膜免疫。两种植物类黄酮的补充通常增加了（P<0.05）免疫器官指数（脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊）。因此，在基础日粮中添加染料木黄酮或橙皮苷可改善生长肉鸡的免疫和抗氧化状态。此外，两种类黄酮的联合补充比单独化合物的补充有进一步的改善。
