College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
J Anim Sci. 2020 Oct 1;98(10). doi: 10.1093/jas/skaa311.
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of taurine as a prophylactic treatment on antioxidant function and inflammatory responses of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of 256 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments with eight replicates of eight birds (eight birds per cage). Four treatment groups were designated as follows: 1) in the CON group, broilers fed a basal diet; 2) in the LPS group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet; 3) in the LPS + T1 group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 5.0 g/kg taurine; and 4) in the LPS + T2 group, LPS-challenged broilers fed a basal diet supplemented with 7.5 g/kg taurine. The LPS-challenged broilers were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg body weight (BW) of LPS at 16, 18, and 20 d of age, whereas the CON group received an injection of sterile saline. The results showed that broilers injected with LPS exhibited decreased (P < 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG) and the 21-d BW (P < 0.05), while taurine supplementation alleviated the negative effects of LPS. Additionally, the LPS-induced increases (P < 0.05) in serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activities were reversed by taurine supplementation. The taurines could alleviate the hepatic oxidative stress, with the presence of lower content of malondialdehyde (P < 0.05), higher content of glutathione (P < 0.05), and an increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P < 0.05). The concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the liver were measured by ELISA kits, and the result showed that dietary taurine supplementation prevented these cytokines increases in the liver of LPS-induced broilers. Taurine reduced the genes expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, whereas it boosted the expression levels of antioxidant-related genes (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, and GSH-Px) in the liver of LPS-induced broilers. In conclusion, dietary taurine supplementation in broilers mitigated LPS-induced defects in ADG, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses.
本研究旨在探讨牛磺酸作为一种预防治疗方法对脂多糖（LPS）攻毒肉鸡抗氧化功能和炎症反应的影响。将 256 只 1 日龄雄性 Arbor Acres 肉鸡随机分成 4 个处理组，每个处理组 8 个重复，每个重复 8 只鸡（每笼 8 只鸡）。4 个处理组分别为：1）CON 组，基础日粮喂养的肉鸡；2）LPS 组，基础日粮喂养的 LPS 攻毒肉鸡；3）LPS+T1 组，基础日粮喂养的 LPS 攻毒肉鸡添加 5.0 g/kg 牛磺酸；4）LPS+T2 组，基础日粮喂养的 LPS 攻毒肉鸡添加 7.5 g/kg 牛磺酸。16、18 和 20 日龄时，LPS 攻毒组肉鸡腹腔注射 1mg/kg BW 的 LPS，CON 组注射无菌生理盐水。结果表明，注射 LPS 的肉鸡 ADG（P＜0.05）和 21 日龄 BW（P＜0.05）降低，而牛磺酸补充缓解了 LPS 的负面影响。此外，牛磺酸补充可逆转 LPS 诱导的血清丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶活性升高（P＜0.05）。牛磺酸可减轻肝脏氧化应激，降低丙二醛（P＜0.05）含量，提高谷胱甘肽（P＜0.05）含量，增加谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性（P＜0.05）。通过 ELISA 试剂盒测定肝脏中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的浓度，结果表明，日粮牛磺酸补充可防止 LPS 诱导的肉鸡肝脏中这些细胞因子的增加。牛磺酸降低了 LPS 诱导肉鸡肝脏中 IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6、环氧化酶-2 和诱导型一氧化氮合酶的基因表达，同时提高了 LPS 诱导肉鸡肝脏中抗氧化相关基因（核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2、血红素加氧酶-1、谷胱甘肽合成酶催化亚基和 GSH-Px）的表达水平。综上所述，日粮牛磺酸补充可减轻 LPS 诱导的肉鸡 ADG 下降、氧化应激和炎症反应。
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