Ko Young, Chee Wonshik, Im Eun-Ok
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2016 May-Jun;45(3):378-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2016.02.010. Epub 2016 Apr 11.
To identify racial/ethnic differences in perceived health status and differences in the factors associated with perceived health status of midlife women in four broad racial/ethnic groups in the United States.
A secondary analysis of Web-based survey data.
Internet communities/groups among midlife women and Internet communities/groups of racial/ethnic minorities.
Participants included 491 women 40 to 60 years of age who self-identified into four broad racial/ethnic categories (Hispanic, non-Hispanic [N-H] Asian American, N-H African American, or N-H White).
Data related to participants' sociodemographic, behavioral, situational, and individual health factors and their coping resources were selected based on the Comprehensive Health Seeking and Coping Paradigm. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify racial/ethnic differences in perceived health status and race/ethnicity-specific factors associated with perceived health status among midlife women.
Perceived health status did not differ by race/ethnicity; however, factors that were associated with perceived health status did vary by race/ethnicity. Among N-H White women, educational level, level of family income, obesity, and menopausal symptoms were significantly associated with perceived not healthy status. In Hispanic women, perceived level of physical activity and obesity were significantly associated with not healthy status. Perceived level of physical activity was the only factor significantly associated with not healthy status in N-H Asian American women, and the level of family income was the only factor associated with not healthy status in N-H African American women.
In future intervention development, researchers need to consider differences among racial/ethnic groups in the factors associated with women's perceived health status.
确定美国四大种族/族裔群体中年女性在自我认知健康状况方面的种族/族裔差异，以及与自我认知健康状况相关的因素差异。
基于网络调查数据的二次分析。
中年女性的互联网社区/群体以及少数种族/族裔的互联网社区/群体。
参与者包括491名年龄在40至60岁之间的女性，她们自我认定为四大种族/族裔类别（西班牙裔、非西班牙裔亚裔美国人、非西班牙裔非裔美国人或非西班牙裔白人）。
根据综合健康寻求与应对范式，选取与参与者的社会人口统计学、行为、情境和个人健康因素及其应对资源相关的数据。采用多元逻辑回归分析来确定中年女性在自我认知健康状况方面的种族/族裔差异，以及与自我认知健康状况相关的特定种族/族裔因素。
自我认知健康状况在种族/族裔方面没有差异；然而，与自我认知健康状况相关的因素在种族/族裔之间存在差异。在非西班牙裔白人女性中，教育水平、家庭收入水平、肥胖和更年期症状与自我认知不健康状况显著相关。在西班牙裔女性中，自我认知的身体活动水平和肥胖与不健康状况显著相关。自我认知的身体活动水平是与非西班牙裔亚裔美国女性不健康状况显著相关的唯一因素，而家庭收入水平是与非西班牙裔非裔美国女性不健康状况相关的唯一因素。
在未来的干预措施开发中，研究人员需要考虑不同种族/族裔群体在与女性自我认知健康状况相关因素方面的差异。
