Piano Carla, Mazzucchi Edoardo, Bentivoglio Anna Rita, Losurdo Anna, Calandra Buonaura Giovanna, Imperatori Claudio, Cortelli Pietro, Della Marca Giacomo
Center for Parkinson Disease and Extrapyramidal Disorders, Movement Disorders Unit, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2017 Jan;48(1):60-71. doi: 10.1177/1550059416632413. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the EEG modifications in patients with Huntington disease (HD) compared with controls, by means of the exact LOw REsolution Tomography (eLORETA) software. We evaluated EEG changes during wake, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Moreover, we reviewed the literature concerning EEG modifications in HD. Twenty-three consecutive adult patients affected by HD were enrolled, 14 women and 9 men, mean age was 57.0 ± 12.4 years. Control subjects were healthy volunteers (mean age 58.2 ± 14.6 years). EEG and polygraphic recordings were performed during wake (before sleep) and during sleep. Sources of EEG activities were determined using the eLORETA software. In wake EEG, significant differences between patients and controls were detected in the delta frequency band (threshold T = ±4.606; P < .01) in the Brodmann areas (BAs) 3, 4, and 6 bilaterally. In NREM sleep, HD patients showed increased alpha power (T = ±4.516; P < .01) in BAs 4 and 6 bilaterally; decreased theta power (T = ±4.516; P < .01) in the BAs 23, 29, and 30; and decreased beta power (T = ±4.516; P < .01) in the left BA 30. During REM, HD patients presented decreased theta and alpha power (threshold T = ±4.640; P < .01) in the BAs 23, 29, 30, and 31 bilaterally. In conclusion, EEG data suggest a motor cortex dysfunction during wake and sleep in HD patients, which correlates with the clinical and polysomnographic evidence of increased motor activity during wake and NREM, and nearly absent motor abnormalities in REM.
本研究旨在通过精确低分辨率断层扫描（eLORETA）软件，评估亨廷顿病（HD）患者与对照组相比的脑电图改变。我们评估了清醒、非快速眼动（NREM）和快速眼动（REM）睡眠期间的脑电图变化。此外，我们回顾了有关HD脑电图改变的文献。连续纳入了23例成年HD患者，其中14例女性和9例男性，平均年龄为57.0±12.4岁。对照受试者为健康志愿者（平均年龄58.2±14.6岁）。在清醒（睡前）和睡眠期间进行脑电图和多导睡眠图记录。使用eLORETA软件确定脑电图活动的来源。在清醒脑电图中，患者与对照组之间在双侧Brodmann区（BAs）3、4和6的δ频段（阈值T =±4.606；P <.01）检测到显著差异。在NREM睡眠中，HD患者双侧BA4和6的α功率增加（T =±4.516；P <.01）；BA23、29和30的θ功率降低（T =±4.516；P <.01）；左侧BA30的β功率降低（T =±4.516；P <.01）。在REM期间，HD患者双侧BA23、29、30和31的θ和α功率降低（阈值T =±4.640；P <.01）。总之，脑电图数据表明HD患者在清醒和睡眠期间存在运动皮层功能障碍，这与清醒和NREM期间运动活动增加以及REM期间几乎没有运动异常的临床和多导睡眠图证据相关。
