Farris Samantha G, Zvolensky Michael J
Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
J Psychopharmacol. 2016 Jul;30(7):641-53. doi: 10.1177/0269881116642880. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
Although anxiety sensitivity has been reliably associated with smoking-anxiety comorbidity, there has not been a test of whether this construct moderates the effect of acute anxious arousal on actual smoking behavior. The present study utilized an experimental design to test the moderating role of anxiety sensitivity on laboratory-induced anxious arousal in terms of smoking urges and topography (puff style).
Participants were adult daily smokers (n=90; Mage=43.6 SD =9.7); average 15.8 cigarettes per day). A between-subjects design was used; participants were randomly assigned to complete a biological challenge procedure consisting of either a single vital capacity inhalation of 35% carbon dioxide (CO2)-enriched air mixture or compressed room air. Smoking urges and smoking topography (puff behavior) were assessed before and after the challenge.
Results revealed a significant interaction between anxiety sensitivity and experimental condition (b=-9.96, p=0.014), such that high anxiety sensitive smokers exposed to 35% CO2-enriched air reported significantly lower levels of smoking urges, relative to low anxiety sensitive smokers; the conditional effect of anxiety sensitivity was not observed for the room air condition. There were no significant interaction effects of experimental manipulation by anxiety sensitivity for any of the smoking topography outcomes.
The present results suggest for smokers with higher levels of anxiety sensitivity, the acute experience of anxious arousal is related to decreased subjective smoking urges. These data invite future research to explore the reasons for dampened smoking urges, including cardiorespiratory symptom severity.
尽管焦虑敏感性已被可靠地证明与吸烟 - 焦虑共病有关，但尚未有研究检验这一构念是否会调节急性焦虑唤醒对实际吸烟行为的影响。本研究采用实验设计，从吸烟冲动和吸烟形态（抽吸方式）方面检验焦虑敏感性在实验室诱发的焦虑唤醒中的调节作用。
参与者为成年每日吸烟者（n = 90；年龄中位数 = 43.6，标准差 = 9.7；平均每天吸15.8支烟）。采用组间设计；参与者被随机分配完成一项生物挑战程序，该程序包括单次肺活量吸入35%二氧化碳（CO₂）富集空气混合物或压缩室内空气。在挑战前后评估吸烟冲动和吸烟形态（抽吸行为）。
结果显示焦虑敏感性与实验条件之间存在显著交互作用（b = -9.96，p = 0.014），即与低焦虑敏感性吸烟者相比，暴露于35% CO₂富集空气中的高焦虑敏感性吸烟者报告的吸烟冲动水平显著更低；在室内空气条件下未观察到焦虑敏感性的条件效应。对于任何吸烟形态结果，实验操作与焦虑敏感性之间均无显著交互作用。
目前的结果表明，对于焦虑敏感性较高的吸烟者，焦虑唤醒的急性体验与主观吸烟冲动降低有关。这些数据促使未来的研究探索吸烟冲动减弱的原因，包括心肺症状的严重程度。
