Jackson Suzanne F, Fazal Nadia, Gravel Geneviève, Papowitz Heather
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 3M7.
UNICEF, New York, NY, USA.
Health Promot Int. 2017 Dec 1;32(6):1057-1066. doi: 10.1093/heapro/daw029.
A rapid review of literature was conducted to identify effective health promotion (HP) intervention strategies that relate to the management of disasters from natural hazards, including prevention, preparedness, response and recovery measures. Searches were conducted in formal literature from 2000 to 2011 and then updated to 2013. Out of 719 relevant abstracts, 57 studies were selected for more detailed review. In total, 16 studies were annotated for the narrative synthesis; these articles all reported an outcome-oriented evaluation of an HP-related intervention in a natural disaster situation in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) or vulnerable populations in high-income countries (HIC). These 16 studies were also assessed for quality of their evaluation design. Although it was not possible to select only strong study designs, LMIC weak designs were matched with stronger designs in HIC most of the time. A narrative synthesis was conducted to report the results. In the preparedness and mitigation stages, there were six articles referring to four HP strategies. In the response and recovery phases, there were 10 articles referring to an additional four HP strategies. HP plays a role in regaining a sense of control after disaster through: engaging victims of disaster in group decisions (including children), collaboration and networking, recognition of local strengths and assets, conducting community needs assessments, respecting local knowledge, training local resources as part of an ongoing system and use of pre-existing community focal points or organizations as trusted locations for community services and reconnections.
我们对文献进行了快速回顾，以确定与自然灾害管理相关的有效健康促进（HP）干预策略，包括预防、准备、应对和恢复措施。检索了2000年至2011年的正式文献，然后更新至2013年。在719篇相关摘要中，选取了57项研究进行更详细的审查。总共对16项研究进行了注释以进行叙述性综合分析；这些文章均报告了在低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）的自然灾害情况下或高收入国家（HIC）的弱势群体中对与HP相关干预措施的以结果为导向的评估。还对这16项研究的评估设计质量进行了评估。尽管不可能只选择强有力的研究设计，但大多数情况下，低收入和中等收入国家的薄弱设计与高收入国家的较强设计相匹配。进行了叙述性综合分析以报告结果。在准备和缓解阶段，有6篇文章提及了4种HP策略。在应对和恢复阶段，有10篇文章提及了另外4种HP策略。HP通过以下方式在灾难后重新获得控制感方面发挥作用：让灾难受害者参与集体决策（包括儿童）、协作和建立网络、认识当地的优势和资产、开展社区需求评估、尊重当地知识、将培训当地资源作为一个持续系统的一部分以及利用预先存在的社区联络点或组织作为社区服务和重新联系的可信赖场所。
