Ylikoski J, Savolainen S, Jousimies-Somer H
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Central Military Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 1989;51(1):50-5. doi: 10.1159/000276031.
The bacterial flora of the nose and nasopharynx was studied in 86 healthy young men. Common pathogens (Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae) were isolated from only 6% of all 172 nasal cavities. The same pathogens were isolated from 27% of 86 nasopharyngeal samples. H. influenzae dominated over S. pneumoniae both in the nose and the nasopharynx. No culture either from the nose or nasopharynx grew Streptococcus pyogenes. Potentially pathogenic bacteria, non-group-A hemolytic streptococci and various groups of Neisseria meningitidis were isolated from the nasopharynx in 20% of the subjects. According to the present study healthy adults do not carry group-A hemolytic streptococci in the nose and seldom if ever in the pharynx. Thus, isolation of S. pyogenes by bacterial culture is suggestive of a bacterial infection by this agent at these sites. Isolation of hemolytic streptococci other than group A from the pharynx does not necessarily indicate bacterial infection, and the same holds true for H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae.
对86名健康年轻男性的鼻腔和鼻咽部细菌菌群进行了研究。在所有172个鼻腔中,仅6%分离出常见病原体(流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌)。在86份鼻咽样本中,27%分离出相同病原体。在鼻腔和鼻咽部,流感嗜血杆菌均比肺炎链球菌占优势。鼻腔或鼻咽部培养均未生长出化脓性链球菌。20%的受试者鼻咽部分离出潜在致病菌、非A群溶血性链球菌和各群脑膜炎奈瑟菌。根据本研究,健康成年人鼻腔中不携带A群溶血性链球菌,咽部极少携带(如果有的话)。因此,通过细菌培养分离出化脓性链球菌提示这些部位存在该病原体的细菌感染。从咽部分离出非A群溶血性链球菌不一定表明存在细菌感染,流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌情况相同。