伊朗德黑兰献血者中甲型肝炎病毒和戊型肝炎病毒血清流行率
Hepatitis A Virus and Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence Among Blood Donors in Tehran, Iran.
作者信息
Hesamizadeh Khashayar, Sharafi Heidar, Keyvani Hossein, Alavian Seyed Moayed, Najafi-Tireh Shabankareh Azar, Sharifi Olyaie Roghiyeh, Keshvari Maryam
机构信息
Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran; Department of Medical Virology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran; Middle East Liver Disease (MELD) Center, Tehran, IR Iran.
出版信息
Hepat Mon. 2016 Jan 23;16(1):e32215. doi: 10.5812/hepatmon.32215. eCollection 2016 Jan.
BACKGROUND
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) are both transmitted by the fecal-oral route and are known as the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis in the world, especially in developing countries. There is a lack of updated data on HAV and HEV seroprevalence in Iran.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HAV and HEV among a group of blood donors in Tehran, Iran.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was performed from July 2014 to December 2014, on a total of 559 blood donors referred to the Tehran blood transfusion center. The serum samples were tested for antibodies to HAV and HEV, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS
In the present study, 536 (95.9%) cases were male and 23 (4.1%) female with mean age of 38 years. Out of 559 blood donors, 107 (19.1%) were first-time donors, 163 (29.2%) lapsed donors and 289 (51.7%) regular donors. Anti-HAV was found in 395 (70.7%) and anti-HEV in 45 (8.1%) of the blood donors. The HAV and HEV seroprevalence increased by age. There was no significant difference between genders in terms of anti-HAV and anti-HEV status. The HAV and HEV seroprevalence was significantly related to the level of education, where the donors with higher level of education had lower rate of HAV and HEV seroprevalence. The HAV and HEV seroprevalence was significantly higher in regular and lapsed donors than in first-time donors.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study showed that both HAV and HEV infections are still endemic in Iran.
背景
甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）和戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）均通过粪-口途径传播，是全球急性病毒性肝炎的主要病因，尤其是在发展中国家。伊朗缺乏关于HAV和HEV血清流行率的最新数据。
目的
本研究旨在确定伊朗德黑兰一组献血者中HAV和HEV的血清流行率。
材料与方法
2014年7月至2014年12月进行了一项横断面研究，共纳入559名前往德黑兰输血中心的献血者。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清样本中的HAV和HEV抗体。
结果
在本研究中，536例（95.9%）为男性，23例（4.1%）为女性，平均年龄38岁。559名献血者中，107名（19.1%）为首次献血者，163名（29.2%）为过期献血者，289名（51.7%）为定期献血者。395名（70.7%）献血者检测出抗-HAV，45名（8.1%）检测出抗-HEV。HAV和HEV血清流行率随年龄增长而升高。抗-HAV和抗-HEV状态在性别上无显著差异。HAV和HEV血清流行率与教育程度显著相关，教育程度较高的献血者HAV和HEV血清流行率较低。定期献血者和过期献血者的HAV和HEV血清流行率显著高于首次献血者。
结论
本研究表明，HAV和HEV感染在伊朗仍然流行。
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