Lokadasan Rajitha, James Francis V, Narayanan Geetha, Prabhakaran Pranab K
Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India.
Department of Radiotherapy, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India.
Ecancermedicalscience. 2016 Mar 8;10:626. doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2016.626. eCollection 2016.
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains a clinical challenge and there is a need to optimise the currently available treatment and to urgently develop new therapeutic strategies. Recently, there has been improved understanding of the molecular characteristics and tumour microenvironment of ovarian cancers. This has facilitated the development of various targeted agents used concurrently with chemotherapy or as maintenance. Most of the studies have explored the tumour angiogenesis pathways. In phase-III trials, bevacizumab showed a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival, although there was no improvement in overall survival in selected high-risk cases. Although several multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors were found to be useful, the toxicity and survival benefit has to be weighed. Poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been another marvellous molecule found to be effective in breast cancer 1, early onset (BRCA)-positive ovarian cancers. Several newer molecules targeting Her 2, Wee tyrsine kinases, PIP3/AKT/mTR-signalling pathways, folate receptors are under development and may provide additional opportunities in the future. This article focuses on the targeted agents that have successfully paved the way in the management of epithelial ovarian cancer and the newer molecules that may offer therapeutic opportunities in the future.
上皮性卵巢癌（EOC）仍然是一项临床挑战，需要优化当前可用的治疗方法并迫切开发新的治疗策略。最近，人们对卵巢癌的分子特征和肿瘤微环境有了更深入的了解。这促进了各种与化疗同时使用或作为维持治疗的靶向药物的开发。大多数研究都探索了肿瘤血管生成途径。在III期试验中，贝伐单抗在无进展生存期方面显示出统计学上的显著改善，尽管在选定的高危病例中总生存期没有改善。虽然发现几种多靶点酪氨酸激酶抑制剂是有用的，但必须权衡其毒性和生存获益。聚ADP核糖聚合酶（PARP）抑制剂是另一种在乳腺癌1、早发性（BRCA）阳性卵巢癌中有效的神奇分子。几种针对Her 2、微小酪氨酸激酶、PIP3/AKT/mTOR信号通路、叶酸受体的新型分子正在研发中，未来可能会提供更多机会。本文重点介绍了在上皮性卵巢癌治疗中成功开辟道路的靶向药物以及未来可能提供治疗机会的新型分子。
