Maire Théo, Youk Hyun
Department of Biology, École Normale Supérieure, Paris 75005, France; Department of Bionanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628, the Netherlands; Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628, the Netherlands.
Department of Bionanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628, the Netherlands; Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628, the Netherlands.
Cell Syst. 2015 Nov 25;1(5):349-60. doi: 10.1016/j.cels.2015.10.012.
A rigorous understanding of how multicellular behaviors arise from the actions of single cells requires quantitative frameworks that bridge the gap between genetic circuits, the arrangement of cells in space, and population-level behaviors. Here, we provide such a framework for a ubiquitous class of multicellular systems-namely, "secrete-and-sense cells" that communicate by secreting and sensing a signaling molecule. By using formal, mathematical arguments and introducing the concept of a phenotype diagram, we show how these cells tune their degrees of autonomous and collective behavior to realize distinct single-cell and population-level phenotypes; these phenomena have biological analogs, such as quorum sensing or paracrine signaling. We also define the "entropy of population," a measurement of the number of arrangements that a population of cells can assume, and demonstrate how a decrease in the entropy of population accompanies the formation of ordered spatial patterns. Our conceptual framework ties together diverse systems, including tissues and microbes, with common principles.
要深入理解多细胞行为如何从单细胞的行为中产生，需要定量框架来弥合遗传回路、细胞在空间中的排列以及群体水平行为之间的差距。在此，我们为一类普遍存在的多细胞系统——即通过分泌和感知信号分子进行通信的“分泌-感知细胞”提供了这样一个框架。通过使用形式化的数学论证并引入表型图的概念，我们展示了这些细胞如何调节其自主和集体行为的程度，以实现不同的单细胞和群体水平表型；这些现象在生物学上有类似物，如群体感应或旁分泌信号传导。我们还定义了“群体熵”，一种衡量细胞群体可以呈现的排列数量的指标，并证明了群体熵的降低伴随着有序空间模式的形成。我们的概念框架将包括组织和微生物在内的各种系统用共同的原理联系在一起。
