处方药物滥用防治的系统评价
A Systematic Review of the Prevention and Treatment of Prescription Drug Misuse.
作者信息
Blanchard Janice, Hunter Sarah B, Osilla Karen Chan, Stewart Warren, Walters Jennifer, Pacula Rosalie Liccardo
机构信息
RAND Corporation,1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington, VA 22202.
RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90401.
出版信息
Mil Med. 2016 May;181(5):410-23. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00009.
OBJECTIVES
This is a review and evaluation of the current clinical guidelines and empirical literature in relation to the Department of Defense (DoD) policies and directives regarding prescription drug misuse (PDM).
METHODS
Sources were 11 clinical guidelines and consensus statements, 20 DoD Directives and the published literature from 2000 to 2012. Articles were included if they specifically focused on the prevention or treatment of PDM.
RESULTS
DoD directives were evaluated in relation to the clinical guidelines and the relevant research literature. Empirical evidence supporting the directives was limited.
CONCLUSIONS
There is little empirical evidence for the prevention and treatment of PDM and the majority of published guidelines and studies focus on prescription opioids. Important limitations include the lack of information about appropriately identifying and managing persons at risk for PDM. More research is needed to identify and recommend effective mechanisms for the prevention and treatment of PDM.
目的
这是一项关于国防部（DoD）有关处方药滥用（PDM）政策和指令的当前临床指南及实证文献的综述与评估。
方法
资料来源为11项临床指南和共识声明、20项国防部指令以及2000年至2012年发表的文献。若文章专门聚焦于PDM的预防或治疗，则予以纳入。
结果
根据临床指南和相关研究文献对国防部指令进行了评估。支持这些指令的实证证据有限。
结论
预防和治疗PDM的实证证据很少，大多数已发表的指南和研究聚焦于处方阿片类药物。重要的局限性包括缺乏关于如何恰当识别和管理有PDM风险人群的信息。需要开展更多研究以确定并推荐预防和治疗PDM的有效机制。
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