Lago-Peñas Carlos, Gómez-López Maite
Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain.
Percept Mot Skills. 2016 Apr;122(2):666-77. doi: 10.1177/0031512516633342. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
Referees have discretion over the addition of extra time at the end of the soccer game to compensate for lost time due to unusual stoppages. This study assesses if referees favor big teams by shortening close games where the big team is ahead and lengthening close games where the big team is behind. The sample comprises all 380 matches in the Spanish La Liga during the 2014-2015 season. The dependent variable was the extra time the referee decides to add to the second half. The independent variables were the score difference, opponent team's level of play, yellow cards, red cards, player substitutions, average attendance, and fouls committed. Linear regression analysis suggested that the greater the score difference between teams, the less extra time was added by the referee. However, in close games, referees tended to add more time for a higher level team when they were behind and add less time when they were ahead. Red cards and the number of fouls committed increased the extra time.
裁判有权决定在足球比赛结束时增加补时，以弥补因异常中断而损失的时间。本研究评估裁判是否通过缩短强队领先的势均力敌比赛以及延长强队落后的势均力敌比赛来偏袒强队。样本包括2014 - 2015赛季西班牙甲级联赛的所有380场比赛。因变量是裁判决定在下半场增加的补时。自变量包括比分差距、对手球队的比赛水平、黄牌、红牌、球员替换、平均上座率和犯规次数。线性回归分析表明，球队之间的比分差距越大，裁判增加的补时越少。然而，在势均力敌的比赛中，当强队落后时，裁判倾向于为水平较高的球队增加更多时间，而当强队领先时则增加较少时间。红牌和犯规次数增加了补时。
