Širvinskienė Giedrė, Žemaitienė Nida, Jusienė Roma, Šmigelskas Kastytis, Veryga Aurelijus, Markūnienė Eglė
Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania; Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania; Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2016;52(2):132-8. doi: 10.1016/j.medici.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
The aim of the study was to investigate psychosocial predictors of smoking during pregnancy.
It was a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective birth-cohort study. The participants were 514 mothers of full-term infants. Women completed questionnaires during hospital stay after delivery. Questionnaire included items on sociodemographic characteristics, planning and emotional acceptance of pregnancy, reproductive history, health-related behavior, emotional well-being, and relationships with a partner.
Smoking during pregnancy was reported by 14.8% of the participants. Prenatal smoking was associated with secondary or lower education, maternal age less than 20 years, childbirth outside of marriage, history of elective abortion, unplanned pregnancy, lack of positive emotional acceptance of pregnancy by mother and father, emotional distress and alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Smoking during pregnancy remained significantly associated with prenatal alcohol consumption, previous elective abortion, and lack of positive emotional acceptance of pregnancy by mother even after adjustment for maternal age, education, and family structure.
Results support an idea of complexity of the relationships among smoking, alcohol use, and emotional well-being. Lack of positive emotional acceptance of pregnancy by mother and history of elective abortions can be considered as possible associates of smoking during pregnancy and suggest that strengthening of positive attitudes toward motherhood could add to lower smoking rates among pregnant women.
本研究旨在调查孕期吸烟的社会心理预测因素。
这是一项对前瞻性出生队列研究的横断面分析。参与者为514名足月儿的母亲。女性在产后住院期间完成问卷调查。问卷包括社会人口学特征、怀孕计划及情感接受度、生育史、健康相关行为、情绪健康状况以及与伴侣关系等项目。
14.8%的参与者报告在孕期吸烟。产前吸烟与初中及以下学历、母亲年龄小于20岁、非婚生育、人工流产史、意外怀孕、父母对怀孕缺乏积极的情感接受、情绪困扰以及孕期饮酒有关。即使在对母亲年龄、教育程度和家庭结构进行调整后，孕期吸烟仍与产前饮酒、既往人工流产以及母亲对怀孕缺乏积极的情感接受显著相关。
结果支持了吸烟、饮酒与情绪健康之间关系复杂的观点。母亲对怀孕缺乏积极的情感接受以及人工流产史可被视为孕期吸烟的可能相关因素，这表明强化对母亲身份的积极态度可能有助于降低孕妇吸烟率。
