Chen Y-N, Phuong V N, Chen H C, Chou C-H, Cheng H-C, Wu C-H
Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2016 Dec;63(8):608-615. doi: 10.1111/zph.12271. Epub 2016 May 13.
Bats have been demonstrated to be natural reservoirs of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) CoV. Faecal samples from 248 individuals of 20 bat species were tested for partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene of CoV and 57 faecal samples from eight bat species were tested positive. The highest detection rate of 44% for Scotophilus kuhlii, followed by 30% for Rhinolophus monoceros. Significantly higher detection rates of coronaviral RNA were found in female bats and Scotophilus kuhlii roosting in palm trees. Phylogenetic analysis classified the positive samples into SARS-related (SARSr) CoV, Scotophilus bat CoV 512 close to those from China and Philippines, and Miniopterus bat CoV 1A-related lineages. Coronaviral RNA was also detected in bat guano from Scotophilus kuhlii and Myotis formosus flavus on the ground and had potential risk for human exposure. Diverse bat CoV with zoonotic potential could be introduced by migratory bats and maintained in the endemic bat population in Taiwan.
蝙蝠已被证明是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）的天然宿主。对20种蝙蝠的248份粪便样本进行了冠状病毒依赖RNA的RNA聚合酶基因部分检测，8种蝙蝠的57份粪便样本检测呈阳性。库氏伏翼的检出率最高，为44%，其次是单色菊头蝠，为30%。在雌性蝙蝠和栖息在棕榈树上的库氏伏翼中，冠状病毒RNA的检出率显著更高。系统发育分析将阳性样本分为与SARS相关的冠状病毒（SARSr-CoV）、与中国和菲律宾的毒株相近的库氏伏翼蝙蝠冠状病毒512，以及与长翼蝠冠状病毒1A相关的谱系。在地面上的库氏伏翼和黄褐鼠耳蝠的粪便中也检测到了冠状病毒RNA，对人类存在潜在暴露风险。具有人畜共患病潜力的多种蝙蝠冠状病毒可能由迁徙蝙蝠引入，并在台湾的本地蝙蝠种群中维持。
