Shin Kyung-A, Park Ki Deok, Ahn Jaeki, Park Yongbum, Kim Young-Joo
From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Science (K-AS), Shinsung University, Chungnam; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (KDP), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine (JA, YP, Y-JK), College of Medicine, Sanggye-Paik Hospital, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 May;95(20):e3657. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000003657.
The purpose of this study is to compare changes in biochemical markers for the skeletal muscles, hepatic metabolism, and renal function based on extreme long-distance running.Among healthy amateur endurance athletes who participated in a marathon, 100 km-, or 308 km ultramarathon, 15 athletes with similar physical and demographic characteristics were chosen to be the subjects in this study, upon completion of each course. The subjects' blood was collected before and after the course to identify biochemical markers for the skeletal muscles, hepatic metabolism, and renal function.After all of the courses, creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine were found to be significantly increased compared with values obtained before the race (P <0.05 for each marker). CK, LDH, AST, and LDH were significantly higher after completion of the 100 km race than the marathon (P <0.05) and were significantly higher after the 308 km race than the marathon or 100 km race (P <0.05). Total protein was significantly lower after the 308 km race than the marathon or 100 km race (P <0.05). Albumin significantly increased after the marathon but significantly decreased after the 308 km course (P <0.05). Total and direct bilirubin were significantly increased after the 100 km and 308 km races (P <0.05), and were significantly higher after the 308 km than the marathon or 100 km course (P <0.05). BUN was significantly higher after the 100 km race than the marathon (P <0.05) and was significantly lower after the 308 km than the 100 km race (P <0.05). Creatinine was significantly higher after the marathon and 100 km than the 308 km race (P <0.05). Uric acid significantly increased after the marathon and 100 km race (P <0.05); it was significantly higher after completing the marathon and 100 km than the 308 km race (P <0.05).Muscular damage, decline in hepatic function, and hemolysis in the blood were higher after running a 308 km race, which is low-intensity running compared with a marathon, and a temporary decline in renal function was higher after completing a 100 km race, which is medium-to-high intensity.
本研究的目的是比较基于极限长跑的骨骼肌、肝脏代谢和肾功能生化标志物的变化。在参加马拉松、100公里或308公里超级马拉松的健康业余耐力运动员中，选择15名身体和人口统计学特征相似的运动员作为本研究的受试者，在完成每个赛程后进行研究。在赛程前后采集受试者血液，以确定骨骼肌、肝脏代谢和肾功能的生化标志物。
在完成所有赛程后，发现肌酸激酶（CK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、血尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐与比赛前测得的值相比显著升高（每个标志物P<0.05）。完成100公里赛程后的CK、LDH、AST和LDH显著高于马拉松赛后（P<0.05），308公里赛程后的这些指标显著高于马拉松赛或100公里赛程后（P<0.05）。308公里赛程后的总蛋白显著低于马拉松赛或100公里赛程后（P<0.05）。白蛋白在马拉松赛后显著升高，但在308公里赛程后显著降低（P<0.05）。总胆红素和直接胆红素在100公里和308公里赛程后显著升高（P<0.05），且308公里赛程后的显著高于马拉松赛或100公里赛程后（P<0.05）。BUN在跑完100公里赛程后显著高于马拉松赛（P<0.05），在308公里赛程后显著低于100公里赛程后（P<0.05）。肌酐在马拉松赛和100公里赛程后显著高于308公里赛程后（P<0.05）。尿酸在马拉松赛和100公里赛程后显著升高（P<0.05）；完成马拉松赛和100公里赛程后的尿酸显著高于308公里赛程后（P<0.05）。
与马拉松赛相比强度较低的308公里赛程后，肌肉损伤、肝功能下降和血液中的溶血情况更为严重，而强度为中高强度的100公里赛程后，肾功能的暂时下降更为明显。
