Connor S S
Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1989;23(1-2):95-107.
The "first" and "second" epidemics of AIDS are considered to be the spread of HIV infection and subsequent development of AIDS cases; what has been termed the "third epidemic" is the widespread economic, social, and cultural reaction to the disease, raising crucial social, humanitarian, and legal issues. This article deals with four questions arising from these issues: (1) What is the best public health approach to people with HIV/AIDS, and what rights should they have? (2) Who should be subjected to mandatory testing? (3) Who has a right to know or be warned if someone has HIV/AIDS? and (4) How can society be protected against people who irresponsibly or deliberately set out to infect others? It is concluded that, as recommended by the World Health Organization, policies which balance concern for public health with respect for individual rights are both the most humane and the most effective ways to control the spread of AIDS.
艾滋病的“第一次”和“第二次”流行被认为是艾滋病毒感染的传播以及随后艾滋病病例的出现；所谓的“第三次流行”是对该疾病广泛的经济、社会和文化反应，引发了关键的社会、人道主义和法律问题。本文探讨了由这些问题引发的四个问题：（1）针对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的最佳公共卫生方法是什么，他们应享有哪些权利？（2）谁应该接受强制检测？（3）如果有人感染了艾滋病毒/艾滋病，谁有权知道或得到警告？以及（4）如何保护社会免受那些不负责任或故意传播病毒感染他人者的危害？结论是，正如世界卫生组织所建议的，将对公共卫生的关注与对个人权利的尊重相平衡的政策，是控制艾滋病传播最人道且最有效的方式。
