Dubourg Grégory, Surenaud Mathieu, Lévy Yves, Hüe Sophie, Raoult Didier
Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, University, Hospital Centre Timone, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; Université Aix-Marseille, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM 63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1095, Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Marseille, France.
Inserm, U955, Equipe 16, Créteil, 94000, France; Université Paris Est, Faculté de médecine, Créteil, 94000, France; Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Créteil, 94000, France.
Microb Pathog. 2017 May;106:85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.05.015. Epub 2016 May 20.
Consistent interactions between the gut microbiome and adaptive immunity recently led several research groups to evaluate modifications of human gut microbiota composition during HIV infection. Herein we propose to review the shifts reported in infected individuals, as their correlation to disease progression. Though the gut microbiota is consistently altered in HIV individuals, the literature reveals several discrepancies, such as changes in microbial diversity associated with HIV status, taxa modified in infected subjects or influence of ART on gut flora restoration. Similarly, mechanisms involved in interactions between gut bacteria and immunity are to date poorly elucidated, emphasizing the importance of understanding how microbes can promote HIV replication. Further research is needed to propose adjuvant therapeutics dedicated to controlling disease progression through gut microbiome restoration.
肠道微生物群与适应性免疫之间持续的相互作用最近促使几个研究小组评估HIV感染期间人类肠道微生物群组成的变化。在此，我们建议回顾已报道的感染者的变化及其与疾病进展的相关性。尽管HIV感染者的肠道微生物群持续发生改变，但文献显示存在一些差异，如与HIV状态相关的微生物多样性变化、感染者体内发生改变的分类群或抗逆转录病毒疗法对肠道菌群恢复的影响。同样，迄今为止，肠道细菌与免疫之间相互作用的机制仍不清楚，这凸显了了解微生物如何促进HIV复制的重要性。需要进一步研究以提出通过恢复肠道微生物群来控制疾病进展的辅助治疗方法。
