Dobretsov Sergey, Tamimi Yahya, Al-Kindi Mohamed A, Burney Ikram
Department of Marine Science & Fisheries, College of Agricultural & Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University;; Centre of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology, Sultan Qaboos University;
Departments of Biochemistry, Sultan Qaboos University;
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2016 May;16(2):e168-74. doi: 10.18295/squmj.2016.16.02.006. Epub 2016 May 15.
Marine organisms are a rich source of bioactive molecules with potential applications in medicine, biotechnology and industry; however, few bioactive compounds have been isolated from organisms inhabiting the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. This study aimed to isolate and screen the anti-cancer activity of compounds and extracts from 40 natural products of marine organisms collected from the Gulf of Oman.
This study was carried out between January 2012 and December 2014 at the Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman. Fungi, bacteria, sponges, algae, soft corals, tunicates, bryozoans, mangrove tree samples and sea cucumbers were collected from seawater at Marina Bandar Al-Rowdha and Bandar Al-Khayran in Oman. Bacteria and fungi were isolated using a marine broth and organisms were extracted with methanol and ethyl acetate. Compounds were identified from spectroscopic data. The anti-cancer activity of the compounds and extracts was tested in a Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF)-7 cell line breast adenocarcinoma model.
Eight pure compounds and 32 extracts were investigated. Of these, 22.5% showed strong or medium anti-cancer activity, with malformin A, kuanoniamine D, hymenialdisine and gallic acid showing the greatest activity, as well as the soft coral Sarcophyton sp. extract. Treatment of MCF-7 cells at different concentrations of Sarcophyton sp. extracts indicated the induction of concentration-dependent cell death. Ultrastructural analysis highlighted the presence of nuclear fragmentation, membrane protrusion, blebbing and chromatic segregation at the nuclear membrane, which are typical characteristics of cell death by apoptosis induction.
Some Omani marine organisms showed high anti-cancer potential. The efficacy, specificity and molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer compounds from Omani marine organisms on various cancer models should be investigated in future in vitro and in vivo studies.
海洋生物是生物活性分子的丰富来源，在医学、生物技术和工业领域具有潜在应用；然而，从阿拉伯湾和阿曼湾的生物中分离出的生物活性化合物却很少。本研究旨在从阿曼湾采集的40种海洋生物天然产物中分离并筛选化合物和提取物的抗癌活性。
本研究于2012年1月至2014年12月在阿曼马斯喀特的苏丹卡布斯大学进行。从阿曼的 Bandar Al-Rowdha 码头和 Bandar Al-Khayran 码头的海水中采集真菌、细菌、海绵、藻类、软珊瑚、被囊动物、苔藓虫、红树林树样本和海参。使用海水培养基分离细菌和真菌，并用甲醇和乙酸乙酯提取生物样本。通过光谱数据鉴定化合物。在密歇根癌症基金会（MCF）-7细胞系乳腺癌模型中测试化合物和提取物的抗癌活性。
研究了8种纯化合物和32种提取物。其中，22.5%表现出强或中等抗癌活性，malformin A、kuanoniamine D、hymenialdisine和没食子酸表现出最大活性，软珊瑚Sarcophyton sp.提取物也有较强活性。用不同浓度的Sarcophyton sp.提取物处理MCF-7细胞表明诱导了浓度依赖性细胞死亡。超微结构分析突出显示了核碎片化、膜突出、泡状形成以及核膜处的染色质分离，这些是通过诱导凋亡导致细胞死亡的典型特征。
一些阿曼海洋生物显示出较高的抗癌潜力。阿曼海洋生物抗癌化合物在各种癌症模型上的功效、特异性和分子机制应在未来的体外和体内研究中进行调查。
