Packard M G, Hirsh R, White N M
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
J Neurosci. 1989 May;9(5):1465-72. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.09-05-01465.1989.
The present experiments were designed to examine the hypothesis that the mammalian brain contains anatomically distinct memory systems. Rats with bilateral lesions of caudate nucleus or fimbria-fornix and a control group were tested postoperatively on 1 of 2 versions of the radial maze task. In a standard win-shift version, each of the 8 arms of the maze was baited once, and the number of errors (revisits) in the first 8 choices of each trial was recorded. Fimbria-fornix rats were impaired in choice accuracy, while caudate animals were unimpaired relative to controls. Different groups of rats with similar lesions were tested on a newly developed win-stay version of the radial maze, in which the location of 4 randomly selected baited arms was signaled by a light at the entrance to each arm, and which required rats to revisit arms in which reinforcement had been previously acquired within a trial. Rats with fimbria-fornix lesions were superior to controls in choice accuracy on the win-stay radial maze task, while caudate animals were impaired relative to controls. The results demonstrate a double dissociation of the mnemonic functions of the hippocampus and caudate nucleus. Some implications of the presence of 2 memory systems in the mammalian brain are discussed.
本实验旨在检验哺乳动物大脑包含解剖学上不同的记忆系统这一假说。对双侧尾状核或穹窿-海马伞损伤的大鼠以及一个对照组在术后进行两种版本的放射状迷宫任务中的一种测试。在标准的赢-转换版本中，迷宫的8个臂每个都放置一次诱饵，并记录每次试验前8次选择中的错误（重访）次数。穹窿-海马伞损伤的大鼠在选择准确性上受损，而尾状核损伤的动物与对照组相比未受损。对具有相似损伤的不同组大鼠进行新开发的赢-留版本放射状迷宫测试，在该版本中，4个随机选择的放置诱饵臂的位置通过每个臂入口处的灯光指示，并且要求大鼠在一次试验中重访先前获得强化的臂。穹窿-海马伞损伤的大鼠在赢-留放射状迷宫任务的选择准确性上优于对照组，而尾状核损伤的动物相对于对照组受损。结果表明海马体和尾状核的记忆功能存在双重分离。讨论了哺乳动物大脑中存在两种记忆系统的一些影响。
