Stergiou-Kita Mary, Mansfield Elizabeth, Bezo Randy, Colantonio Angela, Garritano Enzo, Lafrance Marc, Lewko John, Mantis Steve, Moody Joel, Power Nicole, Theberge Nancy, Westwood Eleanor, Travers Krista
Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Saf Sci. 2015 Dec 1;80:213-220. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2015.07.029.
The workplace is a key setting where gender issues and organizational structures may influence occupational health and safety practices. The enactment of dominant norms of masculinity in high risk occupations can be particularly problematic, as it exposes men to significant risks for injuries and fatalities. To encourage multi-disciplinary collaborations and advance knowledge in the intersecting areas of gender studies, men's health, work and workplace health and safety, a national network of thirteen researchers and health and safety stakeholders completed a critical literature review examining the intersection between masculinities and men's workplace health and safety in order to: (i) account for research previously undertaken in this area; (ii) identify themes that may inform our understanding of masculinity and workplace health and safety and; (iii) identify research and practice gaps in relation to men's workplace health and safety. In this paper we present key themes from this review. Recommendations are made regarding: (i) how to define gender; (ii) how to attend to and identify how masculinities may influence workers' identities, perceptions of occupational risks and how institutionalized practices can reinforce norms of masculinity; (iii) the importance of considering how masculinities may intersect with other variables (e.g. historical context, age, class, race, geographical location) and; (iv) the added significance of present-day labour market forces on men's occupational health and safety.
工作场所是一个关键环境，性别问题和组织结构可能会影响职业健康与安全实践。在高风险职业中，男性主导规范的形成可能会带来特别大的问题，因为这会使男性面临受伤和死亡的重大风险。为了鼓励多学科合作，并推动性别研究、男性健康、工作以及工作场所健康与安全等交叉领域的知识发展，一个由13名研究人员以及健康与安全利益相关者组成的全国性网络完成了一项批判性文献综述，审视男性气质与男性工作场所健康和安全之间的交叉点，目的是：（i）梳理该领域之前开展的研究；（ii）确定可能有助于我们理解男性气质与工作场所健康和安全的主题；以及（iii）找出男性工作场所健康和安全方面的研究与实践差距。在本文中，我们呈现了该综述的关键主题。针对以下方面提出了建议：（i）如何定义性别；（ii）如何关注并识别男性气质可能如何影响工人身份、对职业风险的认知以及制度化实践如何强化男性气质规范；（iii）考虑男性气质可能如何与其他变量（如历史背景、年龄、阶级种族、地理位置）相互交叉的重要性；以及（iv）当今劳动力市场力量对男性职业健康和安全的额外影响。
