Hassall Cameron D, Quinlan Chelsea K, Turk David J, Taylor Tracy L, Krigolson Olave E
Neuroeconomics Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria.
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University.
Can J Exp Psychol. 2016 Jun;70(2):139-46. doi: 10.1037/cep0000093.
Items that are produced (e.g., read aloud) during encoding typically are better remembered than items that are not produced (e.g., read silently). This "production effect" has been explained by distinctiveness: Produced items have more distinct features than nonproduced items, leading to enhanced retrieval. The goal of the current study was to use electroencephalography (EEG) to examine the neural basis of the production effect. During study, participants were presented with words that they were required to read silently, read aloud, or sing while EEG data were recorded. Subsequent memory performance was tested using a yes/no recognition test. Analysis focused on the event-related brain potentials (ERPs) evoked by the encoding instruction cue for each instruction condition. Our data revealed enhanced memory performance for produced items and a greater P300 ERP amplitude for instructions to sing or read aloud compared with instructions to read silently. Our results demonstrate that the amplitude of the P300 is modulated by at least 1 aspect of production, vocalization (singing/reading aloud relative to reading silently), and are consistent with the distinctiveness account of the production effect. The ERP methodology is a viable tool for investigating the production effect. (PsycINFO Database Record
在编码过程中产生的项目（例如大声朗读）通常比未产生的项目（例如默读）记忆得更好。这种“产生效应”已通过独特性来解释：产生的项目比未产生的项目具有更多独特特征，从而导致检索增强。本研究的目的是使用脑电图（EEG）来检查产生效应的神经基础。在学习过程中，向参与者呈现单词，要求他们默读、大声朗读或唱歌，同时记录EEG数据。随后使用是/否识别测试来测试记忆表现。分析集中在每种指令条件下编码指令提示所诱发的事件相关脑电位（ERP）。我们的数据显示，与默读指令相比，产生的项目记忆表现增强，唱歌或大声朗读指令的ERP P300波幅更大。我们的结果表明，P300的波幅受产生的至少一个方面（发声，即唱歌/大声朗读相对于默读）的调节，并且与产生效应的独特性解释一致。ERP方法是研究产生效应的一种可行工具。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
