Kisely Steve
School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
Can J Psychiatry. 2016 May;61(5):277-82. doi: 10.1177/0706743716632523. Epub 2016 Feb 10.
The poor physical health faced by people with mental illness has been the subject of growing attention, but there has been less focus on the issue of oral health even though it is an important part of physical health. This article discusses the two-way association between oral and mental health. In one direction, the prospect of dental treatment can lead to anxiety and phobia. In the other, many psychiatric disorders, such as severe mental illness, affective disorders, and eating disorders, are associated with dental disease: These include erosion, caries, and periodontitis. Left untreated, dental diseases can lead to teeth loss such that people with severe mental illness have 2.7 times the likelihood of losing all their teeth, compared with the general population. Possible interventions include oral health assessments using standard checklists that can be completed by nondental personnel, help with oral hygiene, management of iatrogenic dry mouth, and early dental referral.
精神疾病患者面临的身体健康问题已日益受到关注,但口腔健康问题虽作为身体健康的重要组成部分,却较少受到关注。本文探讨口腔健康与精神健康之间的双向关联。一方面,牙科治疗的前景可能导致焦虑和恐惧。另一方面,许多精神疾病,如严重精神疾病、情感障碍和饮食失调,都与牙齿疾病有关:这些疾病包括牙釉质侵蚀、龋齿和牙周炎。若不加以治疗,牙齿疾病会导致牙齿脱落,与普通人群相比,严重精神疾病患者失去所有牙齿的可能性是其2.7倍。可能的干预措施包括使用可由非牙科人员完成的标准检查表进行口腔健康评估、协助口腔卫生护理、处理医源性口干以及早期转介牙科治疗。