van den Heuvel M, Chen Y, Abdullah K, Maguire J L, Parkin P C, Birken C S
Paediatric Outcomes Research Team (PORT), Division of Paediatric Medicine, Department of Paediatric, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario.
Department of Paediatric, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario.
Pediatr Obes. 2017 Dec;12(6):431-438. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12161. Epub 2016 Jun 8.
Early childhood temperament is increasingly recognized as an important attribute that may impact screen time use, outdoor play and childhood obesity. The relationship between temperament and nutrition in preschool children is less clear.
The objective of the study is to investigate if temperament dimensions (negative affectivity, effortful control and surgency) in early childhood are associated with nutritional risk factors.
Six hundred seventy-eight children were followed (mean age at baseline visit 3.1 years; mean time to follow-up 16.5 months). Parents reported on child temperament and nutritional risk factors during regularly scheduled well-child clinic visits.
A mixed effect model demonstrated a significant association between higher negative affectivity (1.03; 95% CI 0.69 to 1.37) and higher effortful control (-0.88; 95% CI -1.27 to -0.49) on concurrent nutritional risk, independent of covariates. Multivariate linear regression analysis identified that higher effortful control, and not negative affectivity, was significantly associated with a decrease in nutritional risk (-0.67; 95% CI -1.10 to -0.24) over time, independent of covariates. There was no relationship identified between surgency and nutritional risk.
Three-year-old children with higher effortful control had reduced nutritional risk at 5 years of age. Future nutritional risk prevention strategies may benefit from interventions to increase effortful control in early childhood.
幼儿气质越来越被认为是一种重要属性，可能会影响屏幕使用时间、户外活动和儿童肥胖。幼儿气质与营养之间的关系尚不清楚。
本研究的目的是调查幼儿期的气质维度（消极情绪性、努力控制和外向性）是否与营养风险因素相关。
对678名儿童进行随访（基线访视时的平均年龄为3.1岁；平均随访时间为16.5个月）。父母在定期安排的儿童健康门诊就诊期间报告孩子的气质和营养风险因素。
一个混合效应模型显示，较高的消极情绪性（1.03；95%置信区间0.69至1.37）和较高的努力控制（-0.88；95%置信区间-1.27至-0.49）与同时期的营养风险显著相关，且不受协变量影响。多元线性回归分析表明，随着时间的推移，较高的努力控制而非消极情绪性与营养风险降低显著相关（-0.67；95%置信区间-1.10至-0.24），且不受协变量影响。外向性与营养风险之间未发现关系。
努力控制较高的3岁儿童在5岁时营养风险降低。未来的营养风险预防策略可能受益于旨在增强幼儿努力控制能力的干预措施。
