Neu Josef
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL, USA.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016 Dec;21(6):373-379. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2016.05.001. Epub 2016 Jun 8.
We are changing our concept that the newborn infant emerges from a sterile environment. In-utero colonization may have major impacts on the developing mammal in terms of development of immunity and metabolism that, with epigenetic modifications, will lead to diseases in later life. In addition, the microbial profile that develops during and after birth depends on mode of delivery, type of feeding (human milk versus formula) and various other environmental factors to which the newborn is exposed. The goal of this review is to clarify that the microbiome in the maternal fetal unit as well as the immediate changes that occur as new microbes are acquired postnatally play major roles in subsequent health and disease. Rapidly developing technologies for multi-omic analyses and systems biology are shifting paradigms in both scientific knowledge and clinical care.
我们正在改变新生儿出生于无菌环境的观念。子宫内的微生物定植可能会对发育中的哺乳动物在免疫和代谢发育方面产生重大影响，通过表观遗传修饰，这将导致其成年后患病。此外，出生期间及出生后形成的微生物谱取决于分娩方式、喂养类型（母乳与配方奶）以及新生儿接触的各种其他环境因素。本综述的目的是阐明母胎单位中的微生物群以及出生后获得新微生物时发生的即时变化在随后的健康和疾病中所起的主要作用。多组学分析和系统生物学的快速发展技术正在改变科学知识和临床护理的范式。
