Stanciu Cornel N, Penders Thomas M, Rouse Eden M
Department of Psychiatric Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina.
Am J Addict. 2016 Aug;25(5):374-7. doi: 10.1111/ajad.12389. Epub 2016 Jun 11.
Dextromethorphan (DXM) in combination with antihistamines and/or pseudoephedrine is widely available as an over-the counter remedy commonly used for relief of colds and cough. In supra-therapeutic amounts, DXM has psychoactive effects. These cough preparations have been adopted by many young users of recreational drugs for these effects.
This paper aims to highlight the increasingly prevalent practice of Robotripping, review pharmacokinetic and dynamic data and discuss potential tolerance and withdrawal from the substance as well as treatment modalities.
A Medline search (1985-2015) for literature concerning the DXM was conducted. This was supplemented by references gleaned from recent epidemiological surveys and credible online sources to ensure most up to date information is gathered.
Use in amounts exceeding those recommended, a practice known as "Robotripping", may result in a toxidrome of psychomotor agitation, hallucinations and paranoia best characterized as Intoxication Delirium. Increasing misuse places greater numbers at risk. Providers should be alert to such presentations and be aware of methods for managing the symptoms. With chronic use, tolerance and withdrawal has been noted along with prolonging psychiatric sequelae. (Am J Addict 2016;25:374-377).
右美沙芬（DXM）与抗组胺药和/或伪麻黄碱联合使用，作为一种非处方药物广泛用于缓解感冒和咳嗽。超治疗剂量的右美沙芬具有精神活性作用。许多年轻的娱乐性药物使用者因这些作用而采用这些止咳制剂。
本文旨在强调日益流行的“机器人之旅”行为，回顾药代动力学和动态数据，并讨论该物质的潜在耐受性、戒断反应以及治疗方式。
对1985年至2015年期间关于右美沙芬的文献进行了医学文献数据库搜索。并补充了从近期流行病学调查和可靠在线资源中收集的参考文献，以确保收集到最新信息。
超量使用，即所谓的“机器人之旅”，可能导致以精神运动性激越、幻觉和妄想为特征的中毒性谵妄综合征。滥用情况日益增加使更多人处于风险之中。医疗服务提供者应警惕此类症状表现，并了解症状管理方法。长期使用会出现耐受性和戒断反应，以及精神后遗症的延长。（《美国成瘾杂志》2016年；25:374 - 377）
