School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
J Control Release. 2016 Aug 10;235:337-351. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.06.017. Epub 2016 Jun 10.
Adequate characterization of NPs (nanoparticles) is of paramount importance to develop well defined nanoformulations of therapeutic relevance. Determination of particle size and surface charge of NPs are indispensable for proper characterization of NPs. DLS (dynamic light scattering) and ZP (zeta potential) measurements have gained popularity as simple, easy and reproducible tools to ascertain particle size and surface charge. Unfortunately, on practical grounds plenty of challenges exist regarding these two techniques including inadequate understanding of the operating principles and dealing with critical issues like sample preparation and interpretation of the data. As both DLS and ZP have emerged from the realms of physical colloid chemistry - it is difficult for researchers engaged in nanomedicine research to master these two techniques. Additionally, there is little literature available in drug delivery research which offers a simple, concise account on these techniques. This review tries to address this issue while providing the fundamental principles of these techniques, summarizing the core mathematical principles and offering practical guidelines on tackling commonly encountered problems while running DLS and ZP measurements. Finally, the review tries to analyze the relevance of these two techniques from translatory perspective.
充分表征 NPs（纳米粒子）对于开发具有治疗相关性的明确纳米制剂至关重要。确定 NPs 的粒径和表面电荷是对 NPs 进行适当表征所必需的。DLS（动态光散射）和 ZP（zeta 电位）测量已成为确定粒径和表面电荷的简单、易用且可重复的工具而广受欢迎。不幸的是，实际上，这两种技术存在许多挑战，包括对操作原理的理解不足以及处理样品制备和数据解释等关键问题。由于 DLS 和 ZP 都源自物理胶体化学领域 - 从事纳米医学研究的研究人员很难掌握这两种技术。此外，药物输送研究中几乎没有可用的文献提供关于这些技术的简单、简明的说明。本综述试图在提供这些技术的基本原理的同时解决这个问题，总结核心数学原理，并提供在运行 DLS 和 ZP 测量时处理常见问题的实用指南。最后，该综述试图从翻译的角度分析这两种技术的相关性。
